17 Sept 2018

UC Berkeley Gilead Masters Fellowship for the Advancement of Global Public Health for Developing Countries 2019

Application Deadline: 1st October 2018

Eligible Countries: Developing countries

About the Award: This new program, which will see it’s first cohort come to UC Berkeley in Spring 2019, will provide support to 5 international fellows from developing countries who will take on coursework towards a two-year Masters This new fellowship award supports international students from low and middle income countries who would like to pursue a Masters of Public Health (MPH) in Epidemiology or Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology.
This exciting new capacity-building program will provide support to five international Fellows from developing countries as they complete an 18-month Masters in Public Health (MPH) degree with a concentration in Global Health. Gilead Fellows will focus on critical areas of global health including infectious diseases, vaccinology, and epidemiology as they relate to challenges faced by their home countries as well as worldwide.
These awards are made possible thanks to the generous support of Gilead Sciences, Inc, which strives to transform and simplify care for people with life-threatening illnesses around the world. The program will be overseen by the UC Berkeley Center for Global Public Health (CGPH) based at SPH. The multi-faceted mission of CGPH includes the development of global health education and training initiatives for the UC Berkeley campus and beyond.in Public Health at the UC Berkeley School of Public Health with a concentration in Global Health. Fellows will focus on critical areas of global health needs focusing on infectious diseases, vaccinology, and epidemiology.

Type: Masters, Fellowship

Eligibility: 
  • Citizen of World Bank designated LMIC
  • Bachelor’s degree in health related field
  • Relevant work experience
  • Fluency in English
  • Commitment to pursuing a career in infectious disease-related public health
  • Desire to return to home country in order to improve public health within that country
Important note: Fellows will be required to sign a contract outlining their commitment to complete the program and return back to their home country at the end of the Fellowship

Number of Awards: 5

Value of Award:
  • Online and on campus (out-of-state) tuition and fees at UC Berkeley SPH: $63,000 (up to)
  • Roundtrip Airfare and visa fees: $1,500 (up to)
  • Monthly stipend for rent and living expenses in Berkeley during Fall/Spring semesters: $3,000/ month (10 months)
Duration of Programme: 18 months

How to Apply: Visit Link below

Visit Programme Webpage for Details

Alexander von Humboldt Foundation International Climate Protection Fellowships for Developing Countries 2019 – Germany

Application Timeline: 1st March 2019

Offered annually? Yes

Eligible Countries: Citizenship of a non-European threshold or developing country (see list of countries in the Program Webpage Link below) which is also the fellow’s habitual abode and place of work;

To be taken at (country): Germany

Subject Areas: Climate Protection

About the Award: The International Climate Protection Fellowships enable prospective leaders to conduct a research-related project of their own choice during a one-year stay in Germany. Submit an application if you are a prospective leader from a non-European threshold or developing country working in the field of climate protection and resource conservation in academia, business or administration in your country.

Type: Fellowship

Selection Criteria:
  • First academic degree (Bachelor’s or equivalent), completed less than 12 years prior to the start of the fellowship
  • Extensive professional experience in a leadership role (at least 48 months at the time of application) in the field of climate protection and resource conservation or a further academic or professional qualification;
  • Initial practical experience (at least 12 months at the time of application) through involvement in projects related to climate protection and resource conservation (possibly already during studies);
  • Leadership potential demonstrated by initial experience in leadership positions and/or appropriate references;
  • A detailed statement by a host in Germany, including a confirmation of support; details of the proposed project must be discussed with the prospective host prior to application;
  • Very good knowledge of English and/or German, documented by appropriate language certificates;
  • Two to three expert references by individuals qualified to comment on the candidate’s professional, personal and, if applicable, academic eligibility and his / her leadership potential.
Benefits
  • Fellowship amount according to qualifications between €2,150 and €2,650 per month
  • Two-month intensive language course in Germany
  • Lump sum for travel expenses
  • Allowances for visits by family members lasting at least three months
  • Allowance of €800 per month for the host in Germany for projects in the natural and engineering sciences, and €500 per month for projects in the humanities and social sciences
Number of Awards: 20

Duration: One year

How to Apply: Apply online until 1 March 2019

Visit the Scholarship Webpage for Details

Sponsors: Alexander von Humboldt Foundation

Important Notes: Potential applicants who have spent more than six months in Germany or more than 12 months in a country that is not on the list of countries at the time of or shortly before application should contact the Humboldt Foundation (info@avh.de) before submitting an application as they may be ineligible on formal grounds.

Microsoft Research Scholarship for Scholars in Europe Africa Middle East (EMEA) 2019

Application Deadline: 8th October 2018

Offered Annually? Yes

Eligible Countries: Countries in Europe Africa Middle East

About the Award: Each year, PhD supervisors from academic institutions in EMEA are invited to submit their proposals for collaborative research projects with Microsoft Research Cambridge. Applications are then peer reviewed and up to 16 projects will be selected for funding. PhD students are appointed to the selected projects and begin their research in the following academic year under the supervision of their academic supervisor, with co-supervision from a researcher at Microsoft Research Cambridge.
The Microsoft Research PhD Scholarship Programme in EMEA (Europe, Middle East, Africa) was launched in 2004 and has so far supported more than 200 PhD students from more than 18 countries and 51 institutions.
Some of the Scholars may also be offered—at the sole discretion of Microsoft Research—an internship in one of the Microsoft Research laboratories. Internships involve working on a project alongside and as part of a team of Microsoft researchers. Scholars are paid during their internship—in addition to their scholarship bursary.         

Type: PhD, Research

Eligibility: Applications must not be made by students but by PhD supervisors, who must have been in dialogue with the prospective Microsoft supervisor and jointly collaborated on the proposal prior to the submission deadline. If their project is selected, the supervisor has until 31 March 2020 to find the best possible student for the project; otherwise, the PhD Agreement will be terminated automatically. Only applications from institutions in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa will be considered.
For an application to be considered, the following key requirements apply:
  1. The institute agrees to the terms and conditions in the PhD Term Sheet and EPSRC Term Sheet where appropriate .
  2. The applicant must be in dialogue with the prospective Microsoft supervisor to the submission deadline and jointly drafting the proposal.
  3. The proposed research must be closely related to our research ambitions at Microsoft Research in Cambridge:
    • Artificial Intelligence
    • Infrastructure for the Cloud
    • The Future of Work
    • Biological Computation
This year, Microsoft is particularly interested in proposals related to:
  • Machine Learning for Healthcare
  • Optics in the Cloud (networking, storage and compute)
  • Confidential Computation
  • Designing AI for Human Partnership
Number of Awards: Not specified

Value of Award: The monetary value of the award varies by country to reflect local differences in costs and overheads. Payment is made directly to the institution. The amount of the scholarship is the maximum amount Microsoft Research pays to the institution. In addition, every Scholar receives a fixed hardware allowance and conference allowance.

Duration of Program: Maximum of 3 years

How to Apply: Please submit your application via this link

Visit the Program Webpage for Details

Award Providers: Microsoft

Important Notes: Microsoft actively seeks to foster greater levels of diversity in our workforce and in our pipeline of future researchers. We are always looking for the best and brightest talent and pride ourselves on our individuality.

Google Science Fair Competition for Students Worldwide 2019

Application Deadline: 15th December 2018

Eligible Countries: All

Eligible Field of Study: Science and engineering

About the Award: Throughout history many great scientists developed their curiosity for science at an early age and went on to make groundbreaking discoveries that changed the way we live. In partnership with the LEGO Group, National Geographic and Scientific American, Google is offering the annual Google Science Fair to find the next generation of scientists and engineers.
The Google science fair is inviting students ages 13-18 to participate in the largest online science competition and submit their ideas to change the world.

 Type: contest

Eligibility: Students from age 13 to 18

Number of winners: The 16 global finalists, along with a parent or guardian, will travel to Google headquarters in Mountain View, CA to present their project to the judges and compete for the awards listed below.

Value of Price: The Grand Prize winner will receive $50,000 in scholarship funding.
  • The $50,000 Google scholarship is intended to further the Grand Prize winner’s education. If a team wins the prize, the scholarship’s value will be divided equally among the teammates.
  • If your Science Fair submission is something you built to solve an engineering challenge, you’ll be eligible to win the Virgin Galactic Pioneer Award or the LEGO® Education Builder Award.
  • If your project offers a new way to look at the world, asking questions and answering them with experimentation, you’ll be eligible to win the National Geographic Explorer Award or Scientific American Innovator Award.
  • And numerous other prizes
How to Enter: Start your project
Here are some helpful hints to give your idea the best chance of winning:
  • Everyone should carefully read the Science Fair official rules found on the website.
  • Safety is important. Do not use any dangerous chemicals, or ever harm any animals.
  • You must have a parent’s permission to enter.
  • Remember, you are not permitted to use any brands, logos or music, unless you yourself created it.
Visit contest website to apply

Provider: Google

Yemen and Spain – Destruction and Death – versus Spanish Unemployment

Peter Koenig

Spain’s President, socialist Pedro Sanchez, canceled a week ago the sale of 400 laser-guided missiles to the Saudis for humanitarian reasons (value of the missile contract € 9.2 million –US$ 10.7 million). A couple of days ago, he reversed that noble decision, reinstating the sale, because the Saudis threatened cancelling their contract for 5 “Corvette” warships to be built by Navantia over the next few years, for a value of € 1.8 billion (US$ 2.1 billion), providing work for some 6000 shipyard workers in one of the economically worst hit areas of Spain, Cadiz Province of Andalusia.
So, to safe jobs, Sanchez decided to sell the bombs after all – the very bombs that will further decimate the Yemeni population – kill masses of children and increase the untold, unfathomable misery for this poor country, strategically located on the Gulf of Aden.
The war ships, Spain is producing for the Saudis, are certainly not going to bring peace to the world either; they bring perhaps work to Spanish shipyard workers, but, Dear Mr. Sanchez, where are your ethics, where is your sense of Human Rights?
Would it not be more ethical to help Spanish workers find alternative jobs, or while they are looking, pay them unemployment at a decent level? Perhaps exceptional unemployment, because the reason for the unemployment in this case is ‘exceptional’ and ethical to the point that the workers would probably understand – a sense of integrity and conscience they may proudly pass on to their children.
To top it all off – Spain’s Minister of Defense, Margarita Robles, pretends that the Saudis have to guarantee that the missiles will not be used against Yemenis. Whom does she think she is fooling? – Would the Spanish people be so blind to reality to believe this lie? – I don’t think so. The Spaniards, having gone themselves through ten years of foreign imposed economic austerity hardship, an economic warfare of sorts, are more awake than believing dishonesties that serve the capitalist, profit-seeking war industry.
The Spanish bombs may substantially contribute to the killing of tens of thousands of Yemenis and among them countless defenseless children and women. The delivery of these missiles would be a tacit recognition and acceptance that the Saudis, supported by the US, the UK and France, block vital food and medical supplies from entering Yemen, thereby starving literally millions to death. And most likely the Spanish warships are creating in Yemen or elsewhere even worse human suffering.

Instead, Mr. Sanchez – why not showing your heart and compassion for these innocent victims of western aggression, overriding your Minister of Defense, and block the sale of the 400 deadly missiles and the 5 killer Corvettes?

According to Mint Press News (10 September, 2018), the UN estimates that nearly 20 million Yemenis could die from starvation this year. That’s about 70% of the entire population, and that horrific number includes more than 2 million children. Two to three generations wiped out by the world’s most criminal monster nations, the Saudis, supported by the US, UK, France specifically, and more generally, by NATO. About 500,000 of these children already show severe signs of malnutrition, which, if it lasts over an extended period of time, may cause severe brain damage and stunting, effects that might even be passed on to future generations.
Since the onset of the war which typically and conveniently is called by the west a ‘civil war’ which it is of course not – the US has supported the confrontation with over US$ 200 billion of war planes and weapons, and the UK with missiles and bombs. This war of aggression by the US and western puppet allies, aiming foremost at dominating the country’s geographic and geostrategic location, overlooking the Gulf of Aden and further to the east, the Arabian Sea, leading to the Persian Gulf, has created the worst humanitarian crisis in modern history.
Under international pressure and a UN appeal, the Saudis have offered US$ 300 million worth of humanitarian aid – food and medication – with deadly strings attached. They have weaponizing this humanitarian aid, by closing the main ports of entry, especially the one of Hodeida, so the aid could not reach the population in need. Yemen relies for 80% of her food supply on maritime imports, 90% of which normally enters through the Red Sea port of Hodeida.
The Saudis – always with the explicit support of Washington – targeted on purpose key survival installations, like water supply and sewerage systems, agricultural fields, market places, food storage sites, power generation and electricity grids, hospitals, schools, basic transportation infrastructure – all to create the most abject scenario for starvation and disease, especially intestinal diseases, dysentery, cholera, from lack of drinking water and sewage pollution. With a currency that loses every day more of its value and skyrocketing food prices, three quarters of the population depends on humanitarian aid – most of which is blocked at the points of entry.
The last remaining lifeline for about 18 million Yemenis is the port of Hodeida. In fact, the assault on the port city of Hodeida is led by another U.S. Gulf coalition ally, the United Arab Emirates. The deadly operation to capture Hodeida is dubbed “Golden Victory”, putting up to a million people into an open prison of sexual torture, rape, starvation and uncountable other war crimes. According to UN estimates, a quarter-million men, women, and children could die from the military assault alone should the US-backed coalition continue its invasion of Hodeida. Saudi warplanes have already bombed school buses with children and buses of refugees fleeing the airstrikes, killing hundreds.
Mr. President Sanchez, you must be aware of this abysmal situation and crime that your 400 guided missiles would worsen – more bloodshed, more suffering, more children killed? – Aren’t you?
And if you are, Mr. President, don’t you think that the humanitarian gesture that you first intended, not selling these bombs to the Saudis – would by far outweigh the unemployment of 6000 shipyard workers? – An unemployment that your government could easily resolve, if not on a regular, then on an exceptional basis for the exceptional cause of avoiding more killing and more suffering, or what the UN describes as an outright genocide.
But there may be more at stake than meets the eye. Despite some fierce opposition, the US Congress has again voted for unquestioned support for Saudi Arabia’s war on Yemen. Foreign Secretary Pompeo has made it clear that he expects allied nations, especially NATO nations, of which Spain is one, to follow the US lead in supporting the Saudi-led hostility against a nation already eviscerated, for all practical purposes.
Was this perhaps understood as a threat of US sanctions, in case you disobey this tacit order, Mr. President?
Dear Mr. Sanchez, you would have a brilliant and simple legal reason for NOT selling these deadly and destructive weapons, missiles and warships, to the Saudis. The Spanish Constitution, like the Constitutions of most European countries, prohibits selling weapons to countries “when there are indications that these weapons could be used against inherent human dignity”. In addition, the common position of the EU recommends and insists that her members refrain from selling arms when there is a risk that they are used to violate Human Rights.
Of course, any EU law or regulation is easily overruled by the Masters from Washington. That’s why it takes guts – and a more – for a President, a socialist and humanitarian at heart, one who in his first 100 days in office has already done a lot of good at home, by undoing some of the disastrous social laws of his conservative predecessor, who was forced out of office in the midst of modern Spain’s scandal of worst corruption – hence, for you Mr. President, to resist the pressure form outside as well as from within – would be sending an important message of moral and ethics to the world.
Mr. Sanchez, you would be a hero, not only for Spain and the Spanish shipyard workers, who would most certainly applaud you, but for the entire world. You would demonstrate that your ethics cannot be compromised by money or political pressure. This would, indeed, be a novelty for our neoliberal western world.
And your personal benefit, Mr. Sanchez: You could again sleep at night.

Typhoons And This Week’s Typhoon of Sex Abuse

Arshad M Khan

Hurricane Florence downgraded to Category 1 but still huge in moisture content will continue to pour rain on Georgia and the Carolinas over the weekend.  At the same time, Typhoon Mangkhut in the Pacific will be ravaging the Philippines, Hong Kong and China.  It is larger and much more powerful, a category 5, and the Philippines, which lacks the infrastructure and resources of the others, is expected to suffer the worst.
Meanwhile another typhoon of sorts is hitting the U.S.   Powerful men topple as women shame them through the #MeToo movement.  The latest is Leslie Moonves the head of CBS one of the major U.S. TV networks.  Apparently, Mr. Moonves had the habit of forcing himself, his attentions and his anatomy on vulnerable young females working for him.
This particular typhoon has now enveloped Judge Brett Kavanaugh, the new Supreme Court nominee who would have shifted the court decisively to the right.  A letter has appeared and forwarded to the FBI for further investigation.  It recalls a high school incident over which the other party wishes to remain anonymous.  Is this the beginning of the end for Mr. Kavanaugh?  One never knows.  Justice Thomas survived some very troubling appalling allegations by Anita Hill.  She has been chosen now to lead the recently formed Hollywood Commission on Harassment.
Ants in the pants or in this case the cassock are in the news once again.  In Germany, some 1670 Catholic priests committed some form of sex abuse on 3677 minors between 1940 and 2014; so finds a study commissioned by the church.  One in six cases involved rape.  The authors noted the figures and the extent of the abuse may be higher as some records had been “destroyed or manipulated”.  The work was extensive enough that three German universities participated in the study, which examined 38,000 documents obtained from 27 German dioceses.
The state of Kerala, home to one of the largest Christian populations in India, has seen protests by nuns and their supporters over the rape of a nun by a bishop.  The nun lodged a formal complaint with the police on June 27 claiming abuse by Bishop Franco Mullackal over two years.  So far no action by the police, who pushed from both sides probably wish the whole issue would disappear.  As she made the complaint after the bishop went to the police claiming she and five other nuns were harassing and blackmailing him, some politicians have questioned her account.
Yet former nuns have previously raised the question of a climate of sexual abuse in the Kerala Catholic Church.  Babies born from such liaisons are often murdered says former Sister Mary who now runs an orphanage.  She saved one such child from the mother, a nun, who was trying to kill the newborn by drowning it in a toilet tank.  “That boy is a student who lives the life of an orphan,” she adds.  She thinks priests should be allowed to marry.  Then there is another former nun, Sister Jesme, who wrote openly about sexual abuse in her book, “Amen:  The Autobiography of a Nun” after she left her Catholic order.  She has severed all ties.
Add the abuse of boys by a charismatic priest in Chile, and we have news stories covering four continents just this week alone.  That the Catholic church needs an overhaul, at least in this respect, must be clear to the pope and his advisers.  Of course medical science now allows chemical castration, a reversible process.  And then there is marriage as the good sister suggests.
 The sexual exploitation of the weak and vulnerable by the powerful transgresses religious and secular boundaries.  Not for nothing is ‘the director’s couch’ a metaphor.  The fault in the end lies with society, and a pervasive ‘wink and nod’ corporate culture that often still prevails.

Egyptian Junta continues mass executions spree

Abdus Sattar Ghazali

The US-client regime of Field Marshal Abdul Fattah Al-Sisi continues mass executions spree as an Egyptian kangaroo court sentences another 75 anti-government people to death.
According to Reuters report, an Egyptian kangaroo court sentenced 75 people to death on Saturday (Sept 8) including prominent opposition leaders Essam al-Erian and Mohamed Beltagi over a 2013 sit-in which ended with killing hundreds of protesters by the Egyptian security force.
The sentencing, which included jail terms for more than 600 others, concluded a mass trial of people accused of murder and inciting violence during the pro-Muslim Brotherhood protest at Rabaa Adawiya square in Cairo in 2013.
Rights groups say more than 800 protesters died in the single most deadly incident during the unrest that followed Egypt’s 2011 popular uprising against longtime President Hosni Mubarak.
Death sentences have been handed down to hundreds of Al-Sisi’s political opponents on charges such as belonging to an illegal organization or planning to carry out an attack.
The protest occurred weeks after General Abdul Fattah Al-Sisi (who later assumed the title of Field Marshal) ousted Egypt’s first freely elected head of state, president Mohamed Mursi.
“We condemn today’s verdict in the strongest terms,” Amnesty International said in a statement. “The fact that not a single police officer has been brought to account.. shows what a mockery of justice this trial was.”
Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch have both described the situation in Egypt as the worst human rights crisis in the country in decades, with the state systematically using torture, arbitrary arrests and enforced disappearances to silence political dissent.
Last year, the Egyptian government pledged to take action against Human Rights Watch after it released a damning report on state torture.
Two parliamentary groups in Algeria have called for official national and international action to halt mass executions against activists, human rights workers and political figures in Egypt.
Movement of Society for Peace; the largest political party in Algeria and Union for Development, Justice and Building said in a joint statement that lawmakers “are following with great concern the developments of the human rights situation in the Arab world; the most recent of which was the issuance of mass death sentences against political, human rights and community symbols”.
The signatories described the executions as “a flagrant attack on the right to life”, which is politically motivated “amounting to genocide or mass murder according to international law”.
UN Human Rights chief urges Egypt to overturn mass death sentences
United Nations human rights chief Michelle Bachelet has urged Egypt’s appeals court to overturn mass death sentences handed down by a lower court after what she said was an “unfair trial”.
The former Chilean president, who took office as UN High Commissioner for Human Rights earlier this month, criticised a law giving immunity from future prosecution to senior military officers.
An Egyptian court on Saturday delivered death sentences to 75 people, including prominent Islamist leaders Essam al-Erian and Mohamed Beltagi, over a 2013 sit-in that ended with security forces killing hundreds of protesters.If carried out, the sentences “would represent a gross and irreversible miscarriage of justice”, Bachelet said in a statement.
Defendants were denied the right to individual lawyers and to present evidence, while “the prosecution did not provide sufficient evidence to prove individual guilt”, she said.
“I hope that the Egyptian Court of Appeal will review this verdict and ensure that international standards of justice are respected by setting it aside,” Bachelet said.
Bachelet decried the “lethal military crackdown” saying it had led to the killing of “up to 900 mostly unarmed protesters by members of the Egyptian security forces”. The government later claimed that many protesters had been armed and that a number of police were killed, she added.
“Despite the huge death toll, no State security personnel have ever been charged in relation to the so-called ‘Rabaa massacre’,” Bachelet said.
Tellingly, a law was passed in July gives Field Marshal al-Sisi the right to name officers who are eligible for immunity from investigation of offences alleged to have been committed while Egypt’s constitution was suspended between President Mursi’s overthrow on July 3, 2013, and the reconvening of parliament on January 10, 2016.
Not surprisingly, US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo has authorised the release of $1.2 billion in military aid to Egypt, overriding previous human rights concerns that had held up funding.
“Strengthened security cooperation with Egypt is important to US national security. Secretary Pompeo determined that continuing with the obligation and expenditure of these foreign military financing (FMF), funds is important to strengthening our security cooperation with Egypt,” the State Department said in a statement.

Australian government calls royal commission into aged care but numerous reports have already exposed major crisis

Clare Bruderlin

Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison announced yesterday that his government will hold a royal commission into the aged care sector.
The decision is a desperate attempt to win support from older voters in the lead up to the next federal election and divert attention from the impact of ongoing cuts and privatisation of the industry by Liberal-National and Labor governments. The royal commission will not complete its investigation or release its findings until after the scheduled election.
Numerous reports, as well as two federal parliamentary inquiries in the past two years alone, have revealed that neglect, mistreatment and shocking conditions are now an everyday reality for an increasing number of the 259,000 people currently living in residential aged care.
Privatisation of Australia’s aged care sector has led to staff reductions and casualisation, the rationing of basic necessities to residents and a precipitous decline in standards.
Recent GEN Aged Care Data reports by the Australian government’s Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) reveal that the number of aged care facilities in Australia managed by the government fell rapidly from 14 percent in 2015-16 to just 9 percent in 2016–17. The number of privately managed aged care facilities rose from 21 percent in 2015–16 to 33 percent in 2016–17. A significant portion (58 percent) of aged care facilities are managed by so-called not-for-profit organisations—i.e., charitable, community-based or religious organisations.
A report released in May and based on an audit of 70 aged care facilities by the Queensland Nurses and Midwives Union (QNMU) contains shocking accounts of mistreatment. These include incidents of residents being underfed and under-hydrated, sores and infections left untreated, continence pads being rationed and, as a standard practice across the facilities, bed-bound residents only being showered once a week.
It also revealed that aged residents on average only received 2.5 hours of care by nursing staff per day, well below the recommended 4 hours, and that just 16 percent of staff in the state’s 70 aged care facilities were registered nurses or degree qualified.
Aged care workers surveyed said that under-staffing had resulted in increased workloads and inadequate time to provide the residents with proper care.
Job cuts continue across the sector. In June this year around 120 laundry and kitchen staff at Christadelphian aged care facilities in Queensland and NSW were made redundant without any prior warning that their jobs were at risk.
Late last year, Blue Care cut staffing at its Queensland facilities, including the elimination of 11 out of 17 enrolled nurses’ positions. Nurses’ working hours were also sharply reduced at the Nubeena and NyMylo aged care facilities.
While a recent Australian Aged Care Charities report revealed aged care charities had combined net assets amounting to $15 billion in 2015, the number of full-time staff in not-for-profit aged care facilities fell by 7.7 percent and casual staff numbers increased by 14.4 percent between 2014 and 2016.
Australian governments claim that aged care providers’ services need to meet “quality standards,” but these standards in many crucial areas are low or non-existent. For example, there are no enforceable staff-to-patient ratios and aged care facilities receive accreditation according to the kind of care that the facility is able to provide—not what it actually provides.
Asked about the accreditation process at a Community Affairs Legislation Committee Inquiry in 2010, Mark Brandon, the then-CEO of the Australian government’s Aged Care Standards and Accreditation Agency, admitted: “We do not measure nutrition levels. We look at the standards which we expect will stop malnutrition actually happening.”
However, according to a recent research paper published in the Australia Nutrition and Dietetics journal, malnutrition affects at least one-in-two residential aged care facilities. The paper also compared overall residential aged care facility economic outlay data and found a 5 percent decrease in food cost ($0.31 per person per day) in 2016, particularly in fresh produce, with a simultaneous 128 percent ($0.50 per person per day) increase in cost for supplements and food replacements.
The crisis in aged care has been further exacerbated by ongoing government funding cuts. While the 2018 budget projected an increase in aged care expenditure of $5 billion over four years, this comes after decades of cuts, including almost $3 billion since the 2013–14 budget and an overall reduction in healthcare funding. This has occurred as the number of people entering aged care has increased by 11 percent since 2014 and continues to rise.
The 2018–19 budget, moreover, only provided 14,000 additional home care packages over the next five years. Home care packages provide the elderly with funding to assist everyday needs, such as showering, dressing, meal preparation, transport and sanitation, allowing them to stay in their home for longer.
The most recent Home Care Packages Program Data Report shows that 108,456 people are currently on the waiting list for home care packages in the 2018 January to March quarter, up 3.7 percent on the previous quarter. This situation could see more elderly people forced to seek residential care.
Overall cuts in healthca re funding have also impacted on the quality of care provided to the elderly. An Australian Medical Association (AMA) survey released at the end of July revealed that 20 percent of medical practitioners planned to decrease their visits to residential aged care facilities. Almost 49 percent cited increasing unpaid non-face-to-face time as the reason while 40 percent said they were working in very busy practices.
The survey also asked doctors about access to particular services for aged care residence patients. Over 48 percent said it was “very difficult’ for aged care residents to access mobile x-ray and ultrasound services; and 27.6 percent reported difficulties accessing secondary support and consultation with specialists.
Lack of access to critical medical treatment and inadequate levels of care has had devastating consequences. A Medical Journal of Australia study in 2017 recorded 3,291 premature deaths in aged care nursing homes from potentially preventable causes between 2000 and 2013. It also found that preventable deaths had increased more than four-fold over a decade.
Labor and Liberal-National governments alike have maintained a systematic attack on aged care provision and the health workers’ conditions in the sector.
Under the Gillard Labor government in 2012, the Australian Nurses Federation (predecessor of the Australian Nurses and Midwives Federation) reported that there was a shortage of 20,000 aged care nurses and that they were paid between $168 and $300 less per week than nurses working in public hospitals.
By 2013, after six years of Labor rule, numerous reports by families, staff and volunteers pointed to ongoing chronic conditions and a plethora of abuses suffered by residents in aged care.
An ABC-TV “Lateline” investigation drew some of these together in a damning report that year. The show provided detailed accounts of residents left for days in soiled pads or bedding; poor nutrition and hydration; incorrectly or infrequently administered medication, and untreated broken bones and infections leading to many incidents of premature and preventable deaths.
“Lateline” declared: “Many elderly people are being left to die unnecessarily or are in great pain because of a critical lack of staff and training in many of Australia’s nursing homes. Only one in five are receiving proper palliative care. Up to 50 percent of residents are malnourished, with some people being left for entire days in soiled nappies.”
The deplorable state of aged care was described at the time by various advocacy groups, politicians and sections of the media as a “national state of emergency.” Five years on the crisis has only deepened.
The Australian Nurses and Midwives Federation (ANMF) and the Health Services Union (HSU), which cover aged care workers, have played a pivotal role in this process.
Like all the other health sector unions, they have worked to contain workers’ opposition to the staff reductions and casualisation, imposing one regressive enterprise work agreement (EA) after another, cutting wages and conditions. The latest EA brokered by the ANMF covering workers at Bupa aged care facilities, is typical. It included a pay increase of just 11.25 percent over five years, a little over 2 percent per year and barely covering inflation. ANMF members had called for a 14 percent increase, pay parity with public sector nurses and the introduction of minimum nurse-to-patient ratios.
The unions are now attempting to divert the widespread anger amongst aged care workers behind the ANMF’s current “Ratios for Aged Care” campaign and the Australian Council of Trade Union’s “Change the Rules” protests. Both campaigns are aimed at the election of yet another Labor government, whose pro-market policies are responsible for the increasing catastrophe in the sector.

Japanese prime minister seeks improved relations with Russia

Ben McGrath

Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe last week attended the 4th Eastern Economic Forum, hosted by Russia in Vladivostok. Leaders and top officials from China, South Korea, and Mongolia also attended to discuss economic development and investment in the Russian Far East and the Asia-Pacific.
On September 10, Abe met with Russian President Vladimir Putin to discuss plans for economic cooperation, particularly on the disputed Kuril Islands (known as the Northern Territories in Japan). They agreed to a road map in five previously-agreed fields—aquaculture, greenhouse farming, tourism, wind power and waste reduction. Few details were announced aside from plans to cultivate strawberries in greenhouses and sea urchins.
Other forms of cooperation include plans for business delegations from both countries to visit the disputed islands in October. The head of Japan’s Self-Defense Forces, Admiral Katsutoshi Kawano, will visit Russia next month following the visit of General Valery Gerasimov, chief of staff of Russia’s armed forces, to Japan last December. Tokyo also plans to relax visa restrictions for Russians to increase tourism.
Both countries have promoted economic cooperation on these islands as a means of resolving the decades-long territorial dispute, which has also prevented them signing a peace treaty to formally end World War II. Both Abe and Putin have expressed an interest in a treaty with Putin saying on September 10 he was “ready to explore solutions that both sides could accept.” The dispute involves four islands off the coast of Hokkaido, which the former Soviet Union seized in August 1945 as the war was ending.
Last Wednesday, Putin in a seemingly surprise move during the forum’s plenary session went one step further, saying, “Let’s conclude a peace agreement by year’s end without any preconditions.” Tokyo responded cautiously by repeating its position that the territorial dispute should be resolved first.
However, last Friday, Abe suggested there was more going on behind the scenes: “I cannot talk about it because we are in the middle of negotiations... What I can say is that I believe a summit meeting in November or December will be an important one.”
It is unlikely that Putin’s comment was an off-the-cuff remark given the increased pressure Washington has placed on all the countries in the region. Putin may hope to seize upon Japan’s growing frustration with the US and the Trump administration over trade to break through some of the isolation imposed on Russia by US and Western European sanctions.
Tokyo publicly plays to the US president’s vanity, yet trade talks over the summer reportedly became contentious with Trump even referring to the 1941 Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor during one fraught meeting.
Japan has already been impacted by the US trade war on China, in addition to US tariffs on Japanese steel and aluminum. Washington is also considering additional tariffs on Japanese vehicles while hinting at the possibility of more measures to come.
The Wall Street Journal ’s James Freeman wrote on September 6 that during a phone call Trump stated his relationship with Tokyo was good but quoted the US president as saying, “Of course that will end as soon as I tell them how much they have to pay.”
Within this context, Tokyo is trying to reposition itself within the Asia-Pacific region to offset Washington’s protectionist measures as well as find new trade agreements to replace the Trans-Pacific Partnership, formerly backed by the US but abandoned when Trump came to office.
During his speech last Wednesday, Abe portrayed Japan as a “dot connector,” linking up different projects and enterprises throughout Eurasia in various fields. The Japanese premier stated: “Through Japan-Russia cooperation, here, Vladivostok, and locations all around Far East Russia will become gateways where human resources, goods, and capital come together.”
Abe continued: “The Arctic Ocean to the Bering Sea, the North Pacific, and the Sea of Japan will together form a major, arterial sea road of peace and prosperity.”
Russia in the past has been reluctant to realize such a passageway or return the disputed Kuril Islands given the close military partnership between Japan and the US and the strategic nature of the sea route. Putin expressed concern over any territorial transfers in June 2017 saying that “tomorrow some (US) bases or elements of missile defence will appear there. For us this is absolutely unacceptable.”
In December 2016, Putin visited Japan and much was made about the potential for closer relations as well as a settlement on the territorial issue. However, with Trump coming to office and the uncertainty generated as a result, Moscow was under less pressure to make a deal.
In addition to talks with Putin, Abe met with South Korean Prime Minister Lee Nak-yeon, Mongolian President Khaltmaa Battulga, and Chinese President Xi Jinping.
Significantly, both Abe and Xi emphasized that bilateral relations were “on the right track.” The two discussed how Japan and China could work together on investment projects related to Beijing’s Belt and Road Initiative.
Abe is planning to visit China for a summit with Xi on October 23, where they will mark the 40th anniversary of the normalization of relations. They also intend to move forward on negotiations for a “fifth basic document,” outlining relations between Tokyo and Beijing.
Japan’s goal in reaching out to Moscow and Beijing has nothing to do with peace and prosperity as Abe has claimed. Washington’s moves towards trade and military conflict with regional adversaries as well as allies is generating instability while pushing countries like China and Russia closer together economically and militarily.
Fearing such an alliance, as well as hoping to address its own flagging economy, Japan is inserting itself into the mix to ensure its own national interests are met, regardless of the impact on the US-Japan alliance.
The growing tensions in relations between Washington and Tokyo are ultimately not the result of the current US administration or mere aberrations that will subside after Trump leaves office. Rather they are the product of the drive by US imperialism to offset its historic decline and maintain global hegemony as the expense of any rival, including allies such as Japan.

UK Food Foundation: Four million children have poor diets

Liz Smith

As children return to school for a new academic year, a report by the UK Food Foundation, “Affordability of the UK’s Eatwell Guide,” reveals that nearly 3.7 million children live in families unable to afford a healthy diet.
A healthy diet is defined by the government’s Public Health Eatwell Guide. The Guide splits the diet into a five-category pie chart: fruit and vegetables; potatoes, bread, rice, pasta and other starchy carbohydrates; beans, pulses (legumes), fish, eggs, meat and other proteins; dairy and alternatives; and oils and spreads. Each section of the pie chart is based on the proportion of the diet that should come from each category and based on research at Oxford University.
The report shows:
• 3.7 million children in the UK are living in households earning less than £15,860 and are likely to be unable to afford a healthy diet as defined by the government.
• The bottom 20 percent of families would have to spend 42 percent of their after-housing income on food to eat the government’s recommended diet.
• As a proportion of their income, the poorest 20 percent would spend nearly four times what the richest 20 percent of UK families need to spend on food to meet the Eatwell Guide.
• 14 million households (half of all households in the UK) currently do not spend enough to meet the cost of government’s recommended diet.
• Widening inequality is leading to higher rates of childhood obesity in deprived areas, with 26 percent of children in Year 6 (age 11) obese compared to 11 percent in England’s richest communities.
The Eatwell Guide is taught to school age children. Cooking and Nutrition was introduced into the English national curriculum for pupils aged 5-14 years in 2014, following a comprehensive review of the state of food education and culture in primary and secondary schools in England.
According to government estimations, the cost of being able to “eat well” is set at just £5.99 per adult per day or £41.93 a week. It is impossible to maintain a balanced diet on this meagre budget. The costs are played down and are calculated per portion and not by how much it costs to buy the food in question.
Currently 1.2 million children are entitled to means-tested Free School Meals (FSM), in addition to the universal entitlement of five- to seven-year-olds. With the multiple impact of the introduction of the Universal Credit benefit (devised to cut the welfare rolls), cuts in state services and increasing food prices on an almost daily basis, a meal at school—in addition to school provision of healthy snacks—can be the main source of nutrition children living in poor families receive.
The government has long raised the issue of child obesity—but only to attack the poorest and most vulnerable on the basis that families decide to eat poor quality fatty foods as a choice, as opposed to necessity.
Dr. Megan Blake, a senior lecturer of food security and justice at the University of Sheffield pointed out in an interview with Good Housekeeping magazine, “People trade down when their budgets are tight, looking for food that will fit in the budget but also that their families will actually eat and that will fill them up. A £1 pizza will be eaten and not wasted while a £1 cauliflower will need to have other things put beside it to make a meal and may not be enough. What I do see is that … people do choose the fruits and vegetables once these basics are met and if there is enough money. We see from research that parents (particularly mothers) will go without to ensure their children are fed.”
The situation worsened during the summer school holidays, with an estimated 3 million children nationwide at risk of going hungry and having no access to a school meal for at least six weeks.
According to FareShare, the UK’s largest food redistribution charity (who redistribute surplus food from the food industry), they are helping to feed at least 50,000 children across the UK each week—an increase of 150 percent from 2017. This follows their launch of ActiveAte, a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of holiday hunger and increase its provision of meals for children at risk of food poverty.
FareShare Chief Executive Lindsay Boswell, while pointing out the situation during the holiday, said, “Even more alarming, support provided through FareShare Go, our scheme which brings together charities and retailers to reduce in-store surplus food, increases the total number of beneficiaries receiving food each week to over 160,000 children—and over 1,000 holiday projects nationwide.”
Combined with the massive increase in the regular use of food banks, which the food charity Trussell Trust says has hit a record high due to Universal Credit’s introduction—especially in areas where this has been in place for a year—four times higher with a 52 percent increase in uptake.
The Trussell Trust gave out 204,525 three-day supplies between July and August last year with 74,011 heading to children. By comparison, the previous two months saw 70,510 packages supplied to families with children.
A joint National Education Union (NEU) and Child Poverty Action Group survey of almost 1,000 union members carried out in March 2018 reported that 830 see children showing signs of hunger during the school day. Hunger not only has a negative impact on the physical and mental wellbeing of children, it also impairs learning by reducing children’s ability to concentrate.
Lisa, a learning mentor at an inner-city school in Sheffield told the World Socialist Web Site, “Children can often come to school without breakfast. This has a huge impact on their learning. They often present as tired, complain of feeling ill and struggle to concentrate. This can lead in some cases to children being labelled as having behavioural or learning problems if their family situation is not known or misunderstood by school staff.
“Cuts to benefits, benefit sanctions or waiting to access benefits, often means children can miss out on a hot school meal. Parents can struggle to provide a healthy lunch. Lunch boxes in such circumstances rarely contain a balanced meal. Cold chips [fries], a bar of chocolate and a slice of bread are some examples of the contents of lunch boxes we have seen. Access to food and the difference in the standard of lunch boxes highlights the social inequalities amongst peers and children in these circumstances become very quickly aware of the difference, which can impact on their social health and wellbeing by causing embarrassment and stigma.
“Without access to a balanced and nutrient providing diet children can present as malnourished but also we are seeing many more children with obesity problems. There is also a rising number of pupils suffering with dental decay and diabetes.”
A snapshot survey conducted in July 2018, found that more than half (59 percent) of NEU members polled said that children in their school experienced holiday hunger. Of these, 51 percent said that in the last three years the situation in their school was worse.
Despite the efforts of various charities and groups increasingly working in schools, like the Real Junk Food Project, Healthy Schools Initiative, these cannot address the reality of a stark social divide in society resulting in many working-class families becoming ever poorer.
Projections published by the Institute for Fiscal Studies (before the release of the latest poverty estimates for 2016/17) indicate that the share of children in relatively low-income families will increase sharply between 2015/16 and 2021/22, assuming no change in government policy.
The Food Foundation report makes calls for a national measurement of food insecurity and the need for further investigation into children’s access to healthy food in the UK, to be led by the Children’s Future Food Inquiry it is running.
This parliamentary inquiry, while gathering evidence from those who have witnessed or experienced children’s food insecurity in the UK, is joining calls for a national measurement for food insecurity—as outlined in a Private Members Bill introduced by Labour MP Emma Lewell-Buck. The bill is to be discussed in October but calls for nothing more than “to require the Government to monitor and report on food insecurity; to make provision for official statistics on food insecurity; and for connected purposes.” Next year, the inquiry will present recommendations to policymakers for understanding and tackling children’s food insecurity and its consequences in the UK.
There is no mystery why food insecurity exists in the UK or internationally. It is the outcome of the increased drive for profit by the food companies, under conditions of savage austerity measures that have pauperised millions and made a healthy diet unaffordable to many.

UN special rapporteur to examine extreme poverty in the UK

Barry Mason

The United Nations special rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights, Professor Philip Alston, is to visit the UK with a view to reporting on the impact of “extreme poverty” on people’s lives.
Alston begins his visit on November 6 and will spend 10 days talking to organisations dealing with effects of poverty and to those experiencing poverty. On his final day, November 16, he will hold a press conference in London to announce his initial findings.
Alston’s visit is significant, given that such visits are normally to “developing” countries where extreme poverty is a more endemic situation. Among the last countries he visited were Saudi Arabia and Ghana. The fact that the UK is now seen as requiring a visit demonstrates how large swathes of the population have been thrust into poverty, as a result of brutal austerity policies imposed over more than a decade. More than £110 billion in spending cuts have been imposed, with around a million jobs lost in the public sector. Alongside this, the National Health Service (NHS) and public education budgets have been cut to the tune of tens of billions of pounds.
The rapporteur’s visit is the first to a Western European country since a trip to Ireland in 2011. Like their class brothers and sisters in the UK, workers in Ireland have suffered crushing austerity measures over the last decade, in order to pay for the bailout of the bankers and super-rich.
Alston is to speak to organisations as to what constitutes poverty, including the impact of child poverty. Alston is to investigate the impact of the austerity measures imposed by the 2010 Conservative/Liberal Democrat coalition and Theresa May’s current Conservative government in response to the financial crisis. Also being investigated by the UN is the role that the hated Universal Credit benefit system, first introduced in 2010, has had, and how Brexit will impact those living in poverty.
He stated, “Welfare cuts have taken place but there is now an interesting debate on whether they have gone too far and what measures need to be taken to shore up the NHS and other programmes.”
Alston in his role as special rapporteur visited the United States at the end of last year, where inequality is also growing at an exponential rate. In his report on his US visit, issued last December, he noted, “The dramatic cuts in welfare, foreshadowed by the President and Speaker Ryan … will essentially shred crucial dimensions of a safety net that is already full of holes. … I saw sewage filled yards in states where governments don’t consider sanitation facilities to be their responsibility. … I heard about soaring death rates and family and community destruction wrought by prescription and other drug addiction … at the end of the day, particularly in a rich country like the USA, the persistence of extreme poverty is a political choice made by those in power.”
The Trump administration reacted with anger and denial when the special rapporteur’s final report was issued earlier this year. US ambassador to the UN, Nikki Haley, described the report as “misleading and politically motivated,” adding, “it is patently ridiculous for the United Nations to examine poverty in America.” She accused Alston of wasting the UN’s time and resources by focusing, “on the wealthiest and freest country in the world.”
A similar reaction can be expected from the ruling elite in Britain when Alston publishes his final report next year. In 2013, a report on UK housing by UN Rapporteur Raquel Rolnik was dismissed as “a Marxist diatribe” by Kris Hopkins, the then-Tory housing minister. Rolnik had called on the government to reverse its policy known as the “bedroom tax,” which led to huge cuts in housing benefits for people in houses deemed to have unused bedrooms. Needless to say the request was ignored.
The right-wing Centre for Social Justice think tank has already declared it will not make a submission to Alston. One of the co-founders of the organisation is Tory MP Iain Duncan Smith, who as a former minister was responsible for setting up the Universal Credit system.
Prior to his visit Alston has called for submissions to be sent to him, from both organisations concerned with poverty and from individuals affected by poverty. The deadline for submissions was September 14.
One individual who has already sent in his submission is Alexander Tiffin. Tiffin, a former soldier, is now confined to a wheelchair and reliant on Universal Credit. He has created a web site— https://universalcreditsuffer.com —and explained his dire living conditions in a Guardian piece August 22.
Tiffin explains that he receives £95.35 in universal credit payments every two weeks. This leaves him just £10.50 after paying energy bills, fuel for his adapted car, TV licence, broadband connection and milk for his baby son.
He has kept a diary of his experiences. Relating his diary, he explained, “At one time in February, I had no food at all for two weeks. I probably ate on less than a quarter of the days in that month. I just had nothing. I lost two and a half stone [35 pounds] … my hair has started to fall out and my teeth are loose due to a lack of vitamin intake.”
Another entry for May 8 read: “I wanted to be able to make myself some sandwiches, so I bought a loaf of bread for 45p and a small block of cheese for £1.72. This left me with £3.30 [with 10 days to go until the next payment]. I must admit I felt bad after buying it as I shouldn’t have wasted the money.”
Tiffin has suffered mental health problems and says he has come near to a full mental breakdown.
Among organisations submitting to Alston is the Joseph Rowntree Foundation, a charity that researches social policy issues. Together with Edinburgh’s Heriot-Watt University it issued a report in June giving figures for the levels of destitution among the population in 2017. According to their report, around 1.5 million were classed as destitute. Of these, around a third of a million were children.
The study defines destitution as lacking two or more essentials over the past month because they have been unable to afford them. They give a list of six essentials—shelter, food, heating, lighting, clothing and basic toiletries. As an example, they classed as being in destitution people who had fewer than two meals a day for two or more days or had been unable to heat their homes for five or more days.
The report noted, “Destitution is clustered mainly in northern cities with a history of de-industrialization, together with a number of London boroughs and other places with a similar history of de-industrialization.”
While citing official figures claiming levels of destitution had fallen since 2015, it added, “there is a very real risk that destitution will rise again if Universal Credit continues to roll out with its currently high sanction rate.”
A growing problem for many in poverty is being able to afford food. Human Rights Watch (HRW), more commonly known for its advocacy of human rights abroad, plans to highlight food poverty in the UK in its submission.
Speaking to the Guardian, HRW researcher Kartik Raj explained, “There is a lot of hunger that goes under the radar. … People have a right to food and an adequate standard of living. … If the fifth largest economy in the world is failing to ensure that basic minimum … then that is certainly something we will be bringing to the rapporteur’s attention.”
The Trussell Trust, an NGO coordinating 420 foodbanks from more than 1,230 centres across the UK, will also submit to Alston. Among the issues it will highlight are that the use of food banks in areas where Universal Credit has been rolled out rose by 52 percent. In areas where Universal Credit had not yet been rolled out or had just been introduced the rise in the use of food banks was 14 percent.
Regardless of the results of Alston’s investigation there can be no doubt that the policies that are driving increasing poverty will not be abandoned, as the ruling elite seeks to impose the crisis of capitalism on the backs of the working class.