13 Mar 2024

British government intensifies school and campus clampdown under guise of combating “antisemitism”

Ioan Petrescu


The Conservative government’s criminalisation of opposition in Britain to Israel’s genocidal assault on the Palestinians in Gaza is escalating.

Continuing to slander anti-Zionist views as “antisemitism”, Higher Education Minister Robert Halfon announced in February that an “Expert Adviser on antisemitism in Higher Education” will be appointed.

Robert Halfon [Photo by Chris McAndrew / CC BY 3.0]

In an interview with Times Higher Education, Halfon said that “action against antisemitism needs to come from within” and complained that, so far, university vice-chancellors have been merely reactive in their curbing of free speech instead of being proactive.

As an example of the type of “antisemitic” actions Halfon had in mind, he said he was “distressed” that Jewish students have to “have to walk past posters saying Israel is committing genocide” and that there are demonstrations with protesters saying, “Zionists off campus”. He continued, “That’s why the secretary of state [for education] and I have written twice to universities on this. And why we’re looking to introduce an antisemitism charter to give teeth to the IHRA Working Definition of Antisemitism.”

The International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance’s (IHRA) definition is an anti-democratic construct, designed to paint political anti-Zionism and opposition to the Israeli state’s persecution of the Palestinians as anti-Jewish hatred. It was successfully deployed by a cabal within the Labour and Tory parties, in league with Zionist organisations and the intelligence agencies, in the campaign to slander and eventually remove Jeremy Corbyn from the Labour leadership, after he had allowed the Blairites to expel or drive out thousands of his supporters on trumped up charges or allegations.

In 2020, then Education Secretary Gavin Williamson pressured UK universities into adopting the definition.

In the current frenzied atmosphere that dominates in British political circles, as they back Israel’s war crimes to the hilt, merely adopting the definition no longer suffices. More efforts must be made to enforce it as strictly as possible to eliminate all dissent.

Exactly what this means was outlined by Lord Mann, John Mann, the former Labour MP (2001-2019) and “left antisemitism” witch-hunter who, after leaving the House of Commons became “Adviser to UK Government on Antisemitism”. He told the pro-Tory Telegraph that students involved in “antisemitic” incidents should be kicked out. As an example, he cited an instance of a Jewish student centre being sprayed with graffiti saying, “Free Palestine”.

The targeting of individual students was confirmed by Professor Adam Habib, director of University of London’s School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), who told Times Higher Education that he has received letters from ministers asking him to “act against a group of student leaders that we don’t like for these particular reasons.”

As opposition to Israel’s onslaught has intensified left-wing SOAS students have been targeted by a pro-Israel police dragnet.

In a measure of just how unhinged the accusations have become, Baroness Foster, a Tory member of the House of Lords was forced to pay damages to an Oxford University student after Foster maliciously accused her of antisemitism on X/Twitter. Foster claimed, Malika Gorgianeh, a doctoral student in astrophysics, displayed a “disgusting” antisemitic “octopus symbol” when appearing on the BBC’s University Challenge. The stuffed toy was in fact her team’s chosen mascot. She was also accused of wearing a jacket displaying the colours of the Palestinian flag. It was in fact navy blue, orange, pink and green. The Palestinian flag's colours are red, black, green and white. Foster called for Gorgianeh to be expelled by her university and arrested by the police. She has been forced to issue a public apology and pay substantial damages.

In early November, Science Minister Michelle Donelan called for UKRI (UK Research and Innovation—an independent public body that funds and directs academic research in the UK) to shut down its equality committee after some of its members showed solidarity with the Palestinians on social media.

Asked about this incident, Halfon said that Donelan had “done the right thing”, and “We have to give a signal that we will not tolerate antisemitism in any shape or form—not just with the law but also with the spirit of the law”.

The latest initiatives were spurred by a report issued last month by the Zionist Community Security Trust (CST), claiming there was a “huge increase” in antisemitism in Britain since the October 7 Hamas-led incursion into Israel. The CST claimed that antisemitism was rife in education at all levels, in school classrooms and on campuses, with 325 incidents in schools and 182 on campus—a 300 percent increase.

Many of the “incidents” the CST records involve opposition to the state of Israel, rather than antisemitism. Even shouting “Free Palestine” during demonstrations or using the terms “Zionism” or “Zionist” are deemed instances of antisemitic behaviour.

In a choreographed response, on February 16, just 24 hours after the CST report was published, the Daily Telegraph announced that a “University anti-Semitism tsar” would “be appointed as Jewish students face death threats. The Government will create a post of Expert Adviser on anti-Semitism in Higher Education to tackle hatred on campus.”

Halfon commented that the CST’s figures were “deeply concerning”, adding, “To see this form of hatred also take place in education is unacceptable.

“I have contacted all vice-chancellors—reaching out to many personally—to ask them step up and crack down on antisemitism on university campuses.

'The government has been clear that hate crime on any kind will not be tolerated and anyone found to have committed it will face the full force of the law.”

This offensive was all the more critical for the government due to the February 5 ruling by an employment tribunal that Professor David Miller was wrongly sacked for his anti-Zionist political beliefs. It found that University of Bristol was guilty of “direct discrimination” against Miller, contrary to Section 13 of the Equality Act, both in its decision to dismiss him on October 1, 2021, and in its rejection of his appeal against dismissal on February 23, 2022.

Miller’s was the first successful challenge in Britain to the campaign of manufactured allegations of “left antisemitism”. Halfon confirmed that there were serious discussions taking place “at the highest levels of government” about the result of the tribunal.

He also revealed that the government plans to introduce a “seal of quality” awarded only to universities that adhere to “the highest standards in dealing with anti-Semitism”, i.e., where the IHRA definition is used to punish and censor as many students or faculty members holding oppositional views as possible.

A new £5.5 million contract was released last month for a government supplier to propagate the IHRA definition in schools and universities. Prime Minister Rishi Sunak announced that Jewish schools, synagogues, and other community centres will also receive a £72 million security package. The figure includes £54 million of new funding for the Community Security Trust, in addition to the almost £100 million the government has handed over in various grants and awards.

The capitalist class is deathly afraid of the increasing radicalization of the working class by the Israeli genocide in Gaza. It seeks to crush this with the full force of the law and will spare no expense to do it.

On March 1, Sunak delivered his now infamous speech outside Number 10 describing the recent election of George Galloway, on an explicitly pro-Palestine and anti-genocide platform, as “beyond alarming” and the result of “extremism”. In the same speech he pledged, “We will redouble our support for the Prevent programme to stop young minds being poisoned by extremism. We will demand that universities stop extremist activity on campus.”

The anti-democratic Prevent strategy is enforced in schools and throughout the public sector under the Counter-Terrorism and Security Act 2015 and used to demonise Muslims in particular.

12 Mar 2024

Welsh Government Wales & Africa Grant Scheme 2025

Application Deadline: 15th April 2024

About the Wales & Africa Grant Scheme: Round 6 of the Wales and Africa 2024/25 scheme is now open to applicants.

The scheme enables community groups and organisations in Wales to access funding for small-scale projects that contribute to Wales’ delivery of UN Sustainable Development Goals and deliver benefits to Wales and Africa.

Eligibility:

Working with Sub Saharan African partners, organisations can apply for grants between £1,000-£20,000 to make a tangible contribution to one of the four following themes:

  • Health
  • Lifelong Learning
  • Climate Change and Environment
  • Sustainable Livelihoods

Please ensure that you have read the guidance document before beginning your request for funding.

THEMES

Working with Sub Saharan African partners, projects must make a tangible contribution to one of the four following themes:

  1. Health

We seek to contribute to protecting the mental and physical health and wellbeing of communities in Africa through our grants. Examples of this could include:

  • Supporting knowledge and skills sharing between health institutions in Wales and Africa for mutual learning and benefit;
  • Supporting healthcare professionals in Africa to access small scale training and support from Wales; and
  • Supporting communities in Wales and Africa to access to more equitable, quality healthcare
  1. Lifelong Learning

Under Lifelong Learning we will support individuals or groups of young people or adults in Wales and/or Africa to gain skills and knowledge. Examples of this could include:

  • Linking communities in Wales with African partners to develop mutual understanding of global development and international issues;
  • Supporting the educational needs of disadvantaged children in Africa and sharing that experience with school pupils in Wales, contributing to their global citizenship education; and
  • Supporting people in Africa to learn practical/vocational/artistic skills to improve their livelihoods.
  1. Climate Change and Environment

Under our climate change and environment grant stream, we will support initiatives that reduce environmental degradation and biodiversity loss in Africa as well as strategic and practical work to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and to protect people from the impacts of climate change on food supplies, water availability or safety. Examples of this could include:

  • Activities which support African farmers to adapt to a changing climate;
  • Projects which enable the use of renewable energy in Africa;
  • Projects engaging people in Wales with climate change issues as they affect Africa; or
  • Work aiming to support African partners in implementing sustainable development practices.
  1. Sustainable livelihoods

We seek to promote realistic and sustainable livelihood opportunities in Wales and Africa, ensuring that marginalized individuals are included in grassroots economic and social development. Initiatives that we support include:

  • Community-led, income generating cooperatives that have benefit to Wales and Africa;
  • Engaging the public through Fair Trade campaigns, advocacy or policy;
  • Activities that bring the consumer closer to the producer in a sustainable way;
  • Support to small-scale agricultural projects and activities; and
  • Support to grassroots income generating activities.

Type: Grants

Number of Awards: Not specified

Value of Award: Grant are available from £3,000 up to £15,000. If you have a request which falls outside of this grant range, please speak to a team member before completing your request for funding. You can contact WCVA at walesafricagrants@wcva.cymru.

How to Apply: The process for funding requests is live on the WCVA website. All requests to be made on the downloadable application form and returned to walesafricagrants@wcva.cymru

  • It is important to go through all application requirements in the Award Webpage (see Link below) before applying.

Visit Award Webpage for Details

Former US-backed president of Honduras found guilty of drug trafficking

Andrea Lobo


On Friday, a Manhattan Federal Court found the former president of Honduras, Juan Orlando Hernández, guilty of helping drug traffickers move hundreds of tons of cocaine to the United States, as well as on associated gun charges.

Juan Orlando Hernandez greets then Vice President Joe Biden, June 2015 [Photo: Office of President Juan Orlando Hernandez]

Hernández was arrested and swiftly extradited within three months of ending his second presidential term in early 2022. As a member of Congress affiliated to the right-wing National Party of Honduras since 1998, he was a leading figure in the regime installed by the US-backed military coup that ousted President Manuel Zelaya in 2009. He was selected as president of Congress in January 2010.

After the conviction, several Biden administration officials released statements claiming that they have brought justice to his victims. But, while Hernandez certainly deserves to be exposed for his crimes and jailed, the timing and political character of the US prosecution need to be soberly assessed.  

Hernández had become one of the most hated figures in Honduras and was facing frequent mass protests, strikes and roadblocks. Hundreds of thousands were leaving the country in increasingly larger waves amid pressure from Washington to forcibly stop migrants. Moreover, the Honduran ruling class was already moving toward establishing diplomatic relations with China, which took place shortly after he left office.

In this context, he had become more useful to Washington as an example to threaten the ruling elite in Honduras and internationally with the consequences of a failure to comply unreservedly with US demands. 

In the thuggish words of Drug Enforcement Administrator Anne Milgram: “This case should send a clear message that no one is above the law or beyond our reach.”

Given these objectives, US prosecutors sought to limit the revelations to fit the narrative that a layer of corrupt officials led by Hernández had turned Honduras into a “narco-state”. This conceals the fact that the US government facilitated the expansion of the drug cartels by ignoring, and in most cases abetting, their penetration into the pro-US military-civilian dictatorships during the 1970s and 1980s in Central America, while employing traffickers to arm the Contras against the Sandinista government in Nicaragua. 

Hernández, moreover, is a murderous autocrat who deserves to be tried for much more than being a drug trafficker, including his socially devastating austerity measures, privatizations, the criminal COVID response, violent repression of protests and other attacks on democratic rights. 

However, even within the limits set by the US prosecution, the case is immensely damning for US imperialism, given that the Obama-Biden administration installed the National Party regime and the Trump administration continued to sponsor and legitimize it politically.

The revelations during the trial provide further confirmation that US imperialism is ultimately responsible for the conditions of extreme poverty and violence that have fueled such an exodus from Honduras in recent years.

The case against the ex-president was largely based on the conviction of his brother Antonio “Tony” Hernández in 2019. In both trials, it was revealed that between 2004 and 2020 the Hernandez family received millions of dollars in bribes from the Cachiros gang in Honduras and the associated Sinaloa Cartel in Mexico.

The key witness in the latest trial was Fabio Lobo, the son of Porfirio Lobo. After being installed through elections organized by the coup regime and widely deemed illegitimate, he ruled Honduras as president between 2010 and 2014 with the backing of Washington. Having confessed that he and his father worked for the cartels, Fabio Lobo testified in the latest trial that he gave the campaign of Juan Orlando Hernández half a million dollars from drug traffickers. 

The trial disclosed how the Honduran military and police were used to target rivals and protect loads of cocaine moving through Honduras. According to several witnesses, Hernández controlled death squads associated with the armed forces that killed dozens of rival gang members, officials, prosecutors, journalists and activists. 

The ex-president’s cousin and former top police official Mauricio Hernández Pineda and the former National Police chief Juan Carlos Bonilla Valladares have pled guilty to participating in the drug trafficking ring.

Regarding the military leadership, this is the second trial that implicates retired General Julian Pacheco, the security minister under Hernández, in assisting traffickers “in exchange for money.” A two-time graduate of the School of the Americas, Pacheco was the key liaison between the coup regime and the US government after 2009.

The pseudo-left president Xiomara Castro, who was elected in 2021, responded to the conviction with both demagogy and caution. She blamed the European Union and the United States for installing the corrupt officials after the 2009 coup, which ousted her husband Zelaya. These elements remain “embedded in all institutions,” she declared, while most of their crimes remain “unpunished.”

But having acknowledged what is now widely accepted, she then called for calm: “My government of Democratic Socialism, with the massive mandate of the people at the ballot box, demands justice, not revenge.” 

Such a statement expresses fear that the prosecution could make the political crisis in the country spiral out of control. After all, not only have the main state institutions like the armed forces and courts been found complicit. But the recent cases have exposed the entire oligarchy and political establishment, including her own administration. 

The former minister of investment under Hernández, Yankel Rosenthal, and his cousin Yani Rosenthal recently served prison sentences in the US for using their financial-corporate conglomerate to launder money for the Cachiros. Yani Rosenthal was also Minister for Presidential Affairs under Manuel Zelaya and is now chairman of the Liberal Party. His father Jaime Rosenthal, a former vice president and a top advisor of Manuel Zelaya, was also indicted on drug money laundering charges, but died in 2019 before being brought to trial.

The Cachiros leader Devis Leonel Rivera Maradiaga, who testified about bribing Hernandez, had also confessed to bribing Zelaya himself. Now Zelaya’s wife is president, and he remains chairman of the Libre party, which they founded after leaving the Liberal Party. 

In particular, the case of the Rosenthals, one of the richest oligarchic families in the region, demonstrates how drug money, business and politics have become completely intertwined for capitalist rule in Honduras—a reality in most of the region. 

Castro is seeking to put a damper on the popular anger towards a ruling class that profits from criminal businesses, whose operations lead to thousands of killings each year, while imposing a police state regime on the basis of lies about fighting crime. 

Lionized by the pseudo-left internationally—Jacobin called her the “socialist president…trying to revive democracy in Honduras”—Castro has continued to elevate the political profile of the military while building up the repressive state apparatus under repeated states of emergency, ostensibly imposed to combat gangs. She has failed to explain how these policies are compatible with left politics or her statements that the cartels are “embedded” in these institutions, not to speak of the fact that the same military carried out a coup against her husband only 15 years ago.

Chinese provinces in talks with state banks on debt

Nick Beams


An important meeting took place last week during China’s National People’s Congress (NPC) to try to deal with one of the major problems facing the country’s economy and financial system.

Delegates sing the national anthem during during the opening session of the National People's Congress (NPC) at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, China, Tuesday, March 5, 2024 [AP Photo/Ng Han Guan]

The Financial Times (FT) reported that officials from some of the country’s most indebted provinces met with leading state banks to negotiate debt repayments on billions of dollars of liabilities.

Over the past decade and a half, in the wake of the global financial crisis of 2008, borrowing by local governments, both directly and indirectly through local government funding vehicles (LGFVs), has been a key source of funding for infrastructure projects that have played a major role in advancing economic growth.

Local governments have raised the revenue to back the loans from the sale of land to real estate and property developers for housing projects. But the crisis in real estate, which has seen the collapse of major companies, of which the failed giant Evergrande is the most prominent, has now left local governments with huge debts without the means to pay them off.

Goldman Sachs has estimated that total local government debt, including that of the LGFVs, is the equivalent of $13 trillion.

According to the FT report, citing two people familiar with the discussions, officials from the Liaoning and Hebei provinces as well as officials from the city of Tianjin, attending the NPC “engaged in extensive high-level debt discussions with leading state bankers.”

One banker cited in the report said that while the visits to banking authorities were “in passing,” the “fact that they sat down for such discussions speaks to the great importance they attach to the issue of local debt reduction and what kind of financial resources they can still access at this stage.”

The proposed solutions include restructuring the debt and refinancing the loans using local state assets as security.

Officials from Liaoning, described as a “rust belt province,” also met bankers from 18 state financial institutions last Saturday, according to an official statement.

The debt problems go beyond the provinces involved in the latest talks. Last August, China’s State Council sent a team of officials to examine the books of more than 10 of the provinces with the biggest problems.

The budget report presented to the NPC said the central government would “firmly prevent any increase in hidden government debt and steadily address existing hidden debt.” The government has said it will gradually reduce the risks of local government debt by cutting the number of LGFVs and pushing local authorities to sell assets while offering some financial support.

However, the central government will not provide the level of stimulus made available in the past because it fears this will only create more financial problems.

The property and real estate crisis has taken another turn with the decision by a Hong Kong-based creditor, Ever Credit, to file a liquidation petition against the property developer Country Garden, which until recently was the country’s largest.

In its petition, Ever Credit cited a non-payment equivalent to $204 million on a loan facility plus accrued interest.

When the property giant Evergrande started to run into problems in 2021, as a result of the government’s tightening of credit in 2020, Country Garden was touted as a safe company. But it ran into the same problems as Evergrande—reduced access to credit in conditions of a falling market.

The extent of the crisis in local government financing was highlighted by an official document cited by the FT.

According to its report: “In south-western Yunnan, 1153 government-funded infrastructure projects such as highways and theme parks have been suspended and new construction halted to limit expenditures and focus on debt resolution.”

Government policy at this stage appears to be to push the problem down the road for as long as possible.

“You probably won’t see the stress on [banks’] balance sheets straight away, but debt resolution is putting real pressure in banks this year,” a banker present at one of the recent meetings said.

“The prevailing strategy is aimed at deferring risks by trading time for breathing space.”

One of the problems with this strategy, however, is that the situation in real estate and property development, on which local governments have been dependent for revenue, is getting worse and the overall economy is weakening. The official growth target for this year is “around 5 percent”—the lowest in three decades amid warnings that it will be hard to achieve.

Back in August when the government moved to examine the books of the weakest provinces a person described as “close to the finance ministry” noted that financial shuffling would not be sufficient.

“Debt swap programs won’t resolve the root problem as highly leveraged local governments may still have trouble paying off their debt going forward. Much slower economic growth will undermine fiscal revenue, which is a major source of debt repayment,” the person said.

Ivan Chung, managing director of Moody’s Investor Services, put the issue bluntly at the time: “Without growth, how can you generate more resources to repay the debt?”

Since then, the problems facing the Chinese economy have not improved and may in fact have worsened. Deflation appears to have set in, the stock market has experienced a major fall, only halted in the recent period by state intervention, and the economic warfare being conducted by the US against Chinese high-tech development has intensified.

In the most recent developments, the Biden administration has called on the commerce department to investigate whether Chinese high-tech products, such as electric vehicles, are being dumped on US markets and whether their “smart phone” type capacities pose a “national security risk.” The move is almost certain to lead to new restrictions.

The US is also pressing Japan and the Netherlands to tighten restrictions on the export of computer chipmaking equipment to China. It has been spurred into action by the fact that despite earlier sanctions the tech company Huawei and the Shanghai-based Semiconductor Manufacturing Internal Corporation last year revealed they had been able to develop a more advanced chip for mobile phones.

The US actions are aimed at cutting across the key economic strategy of the Xi Jinping government, which is to shift the economy away from its dependence on real estate and infrastructure development towards high-tech industries.

But the development of what Xi calls the “new productive forces” is regarded by the US as the chief danger to its economic hegemony which it is determined to crush by all means considered, including war.

US economic warfare, adding to the problems China already confronts, threatens to have major international consequences in conditions where global growth is largely stagnant.

In the wake of the global financial crisis of 2008, set off by the rampant speculation and outright criminality in the US financial system, Chinese expansion was a major factor in preventing the global recession from deepening further. That scenario is not going to be repeated.

The Maldives signs military pact with China

Rohantha De Silva


The Maldives signed a defence agreement with China on March 4 during a visit by a Chinese military delegation headed by Major General Zhang Baoqun to the country. According to a Maldivian defense ministry statement, the agreement is for Beijing’s “provision of military assistance gratis” and the “fostering stronger bilateral ties.”

The signing of the agreement will undoubtedly ring alarm bells in New Delhi and also Washington as the US and India heighten their confrontation with China in South Asia and preparations for war. The Maldives, a group of islands, sits across critical shipping lanes across the Indian Ocean.

Maldives President Mohamed Muizzu [AP Photo/Rafiq Maqbool]

The head of the Chinese delegation, Major General Zhang, held “comprehensive discussion on strategic partnerships and enhancing defense cooperation” with the president of the Maldives, Mohamed Muizzu.

The military agreement with China is the first signed with any country. While the details have not been made public, under the agreement, China will provide non-lethal military equipment and training to the Maldives.

Chinese foreign ministry spokesperson Mao Ning told reporters on March 5 that Beijing is “committed to working with the Maldives to build a comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership.” She said that the cooperation was not against any other country, but warned that it “will not be disrupted by any third party.”

India’s relationship with Malé has been strained since the election of pro-Chinese Muizzu as president last September, ousting the sitting President Mohamed Solih, who had close ties with New Delhi. Muizzu campaigned during the election on an “India-out” platform.

After taking office, Muizzu first visited Turkey and then China, breaking the tradition that a newly-elected president should visit India first. The Indian ruling class regards the Indian Ocean as its sphere of influence. During his five-day state visit to China in January, Muizzu signed 20 agreements with Beijing.

Muizzu has demanded that India withdraw some 90 military personnel stationed in the Maldives. Their presence is nominally to operate two helicopters and Dornier aircraft for marine surveillance, search and rescue operations and assisting in medical evacuations from more remote islands.

The Muizzu government is also not going to renew its agreement with India to conduct hydrographic surveys and is going to review over 100 agreements signed with India under previous administrations.

On February 22, the Maldives allowed the Chinese research vessel Xiang Yang Hong 03, which carries out hydrographic surveys, to dock. Under pressure from India and the US, Sri Lanka earlier refused to allow the same Chinese research ship to dock in Colombo Port.

The rivalry between India and China for influence in the Maldives has predominantly centered around infrastructure development. Beijing’s main infrastructure project is the $US200 million China-Maldives Friendship Bridge.

Significantly, just days after the China-Maldives military agreement, India commissioned a new naval base, INS Jatayu, on March 6 on its southernmost island of Minicoy. The island is part of the Lakshadweep archipelago off India’s southwest coast. The base is India’s second in the archipelago and closer to the Maldives.

In comments clearly aimed against China, Admiral Hari Kumar, India’s navy chief, said that it was vital to recognize the urgent need for heightened monitoring in view of current geopolitical developments. The Indian Navy has stated that the new base was part of efforts to augment security infrastructure at the strategically important islands.

Just a week before, New Delhi inaugurated an India-financed airstrip and jetty on the tiny island of Agalega in Mauritius. The country’s prime minister, Pravind Jugnauth, denied that Agalega could be used as a military facility, but its position in the western Indian Ocean close to Africa underlines its strategic significance. India has also secured logistical access to Oman’s Duqm port.

India, along with the US, is also strengthening relations with Sri Lanka. Pro-US Sri Lankan President Ranil Wickremesinghe’s made his first official visit to India last July, met with Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and signed economic and trade agreements that enhance India’s economic influence in the island.

Outpacing China, India has become Sri Lanka’ s biggest investor, economic partner, and source of new tourists. The deep-water West International Terminal at Colombo Port will be built by India’s Adani Group at an estimated cost of $US700 million in partnership with the US International Development Finance Corporation, which is providing $553 million.

Indian Defence Minister Rajnath Singh boasted of his country’s growing influence declaring that India “today emerged as the first responder and preferred security partner in the IOR [Indian Ocean Region].”

Taking aim at China, Singh declared: “India is ensuring that all the neighbouring countries of the Indian Ocean should be helped in protecting their autonomy and sovereignty. We have ensured that no one exercises hegemony in the region.” In reality, that is precisely what India, with US backing, is aiming to do.

Last month, four senior US government officials, including Deputy Secretary of State Richard Verma, visited Sri Lanka last month for discussions on expanding strategic ties with Colombo. Verma sought to deepen defence and maritime collaboration between the two countries, including by strengthening Sri Lanka’s naval capacities.

As the US accelerates its preparations for war against China, it is transforming every country into a diplomatic battleground. As the new president in the Maldives seeks to implement his “India out” policy and strengthens ties with China, he will undoubtedly face a campaign of political destabilization by India and the US.

11 Mar 2024

Sweden joins NATO amid escalation of US-led war on Russia

Bran Karlsson & Jordan Shilton


Sweden joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Thursday, officially becoming its 32nd member. Stockholm’s succession to the military alliance completes the encirclement of Russia’s Western border with hostile states and effectively turns the Baltic Sea into a NATO-dominated lake.

Secretary of State Antony Blinken, right, poses for a photo with Swedish Prime Minister Ulf Kristersson holding Sweden's NATO Instruments of Accession in the Benjamin Franklin Room at the State Department, Thursday, March 7, 2024, in Washington. [AP Photo/Jess Rapfogel]

The accession last year of Finland, which shares a 1,000-kilometre border with Russia, and now Sweden to NATO was aggressively pushed by the imperialist powers, above all the United States, Britain, and Germany. They seized on the US-incited Russian invasion of Ukraine to open a northern front against Moscow, which is seen as critical in the imperialists’ war to subordinate Russia to the status of a semi-colony and plunder its natural resources.

Underlining Washington’s leading role in NATO’s expansion, Swedish Prime Minister Ulf Kristersson flew not to NATO headquarters in Brussels, but to Washington DC to deposit Sweden’s official instrument of accession and participate in a joining ceremony. During the State of the Union Thursday evening, President Joe Biden singled out Kristersson in the audience, asking him to stand as he argued for an intensification of the conflict with Russia. One day earlier, the United States Air Force flew a B-1 and B-52 bomber at low altitude over the downtown of Sweden’s capital, Stockholm. The two bombers are capable of dropping a combined payload of 64 nuclear bombs and missiles, enough to destroy every major population center in Western Russia.

Sweden is joining NATO at an inflection point in the war in Ukraine. In late February, French President Emmanuel Macron publicly declared that NATO is considering sending ground troops to Ukraine, a move that would result in a direct war with Russia and risk a catastrophic nuclear conflagration. Four other NATO states–Canada, Lithuania, the Netherlands and most recently Poland–indicated they would be ready to send ground forces. On Friday, March 1, a leaked conversation between top German generals exposed advanced discussion and planning on supplying Ukraine with long-range weapons that could strike several hundred kilometers into Russian territory. The leak also revealed that Britain already has a “small number” of troops on the ground, which London later admitted.

As Kristersson left for Washington, a massive NATO exercise involving some 20,000 ground troops, more than 100 warplanes, and over 50 frigates and submarines got started in the Arctic regions of Norway, Sweden, and Finland. “Nordic Response 2024” is an expansion of the long-standing “Cold Response” exercise organised by the Norwegian military into a regional war game made possible by Finland and Sweden’s NATO membership. “Nordic Response” is a component of NATO’s “Steadfast Defender,” which amounts to a massive mobilisation of 90,000 troops throughout the Nordic and Baltic regions, as well as Germany and Poland in the coming months.

The USS Gunston Hall prepares to conduct well deck operations with Swedish CB90-class fast assault craft during "Steadfast Defender" in the Norwegian Sea, Feb. 28, 2024. [Photo: US Navy Petty Officer 1st Class Danielle Serocki ]

German Defence Minister Boris Pistorius, who has recently declared the necessity for Germany to be ready to fight a war with Russia in five to eight years, was in northern Norway as the maneuvers began. He proposed a stronger German military presence along Norway’s 198-kilometre Arctic border with Russia. “It’s actually clear that here in the Arctic–the northern sea–the threads come together, so to speak,” he said, pointing to the presence of extensive Russian freight traffic and military submarines.

These developments make clear that American imperialism and its European allies are determined to escalate the war with Russia, a process triggered by a deepening crisis of the Ukrainian armed forces. Ukrainian forces have retreated from Avdiivka. Amid massive casualties endured by Ukraine, with some estimates as high as 500,000 fatalities, the Zelensky government is having difficulty finding more troops to fight off a Russian advance.

More fundamentally, however, the war with Russia arises out of the irreconcilable contradictions of crisis-ridden capitalism, which are driving the major powers to engage in another redivision of the world. The subjugation of Russia is seen as essential by Washington and its European allies to secure dominance over the Eurasian landmass and prepare for military conflict with China.

During the ceremony and short press conference in Washington, Kristersson repeatedly described Sweden joining NATO as “coming home.” Indirectly, Kristersson was alluding to the fact that for the entire post-war period the small, but economically powerful country remained formally neutral, despite being closely integrated into the US-led economic and geopolitical order.

For decades, the Swedish ruling class has desired to join NATO—working closely with US and European military and intelligence services despite not being a member. However, widespread opposition to war, including US imperialism, in the Swedish population, prevented it. In 2014, only 28 percent of the Swedish population was in favor of joining NATO. But at the beginning of 2024, 63 percent of the population approved of joining NATO, according to the polling company Ipsos. This shift was largely due to a hysterical anti-Russia campaign embraced by all major parties that reached its high point in early 2022 when Putin ordered the invasion of Ukraine in response to Western provocations.

In an address to the nation from Washington broadcast Thursday evening, Kristersson went out of his way to applaud the consensus across the entire political establishment for Sweden’s NATO membership, ranging from the Social Democrats to the fascistic Sweden Democrats. He praised his predecessor Magdalena Andersson, who headed a Social Democrat-led government when Sweden formally applied for NATO membership in May 2022. Kristersson’s conservative Moderate Party and the Social Democrats had worked together “at every step” along the way, he commented.

Sweden’s accession to NATO came almost a year after Finland joined in April 2023. The delay was primarily due to opposition from Hungary and Turkey, with the latter seeking to extort concessions from Stockholm over the repatriation of Kurdish nationalists, and from Washington on the supply of military equipment. Hungary’s President, Tams Sulyok, signed the bill approving Sweden’s ascension to NATO on Tuesday.

Kristersson’s praise for Andersson and former Social Democrat Prime minister of Finland Sanna Marin as key players in both countries’ NATO membership, was entirely justified. While Kristersson’s signature confirmed Sweden’s NATO membership, political responsibility for transforming Sweden into a frontline state in the imperialist powers’ war on Russia rests squarely with the Social Democrats and ex-Stalinist Left Party.

Like their counterparts internationally, Sweden’s nominal left-wing parties have moved sharply to the right over the past four decades. When in power between 2014 and 2022, the Social Democrats, backed by the Greens and Left party, initiated a sharp increase in military spending, reintroduced military service, enacted budget cuts and privatizations, championed “let it rip” COVID policies, and clamped down on immigration.

In his national address, Kristersson noted that it has been 30 years since Sweden joined NATO’s Partnership for Peace programme and 15 years since the country obtained permanent representation at NATO’s Brussels headquarters. Social Democrat-led governments backed by the Left Party during this period oversaw the deployment of Swedish troops on NATO interventions, including the neocolonial occupation of Afghanistan, and in Bosnia and Kosovo.

Left Party leader Nooshi Dadgostar, while not openly voting for NATO, for fear of retribution from her membership, essentially stated her agreement in 2022. She said that if Sweden joined NATO, it was important “that we do this together as one people and one nation. I don’t often agree with Carl Bildt [former conservative prime-minister and NATO advocate], but on this question I do. There’s the left-wing and there’s the right-wing, but the Swedish military is all Swedes together.” Such pro-militarist and nationalist perspectives have nothing to do with left, let alone, genuine socialist politics.

Sweden is rapidly increasing its military budget. Kristersson bragged during the ceremony in Washington, that Sweden has doubled its defense budget to spend the NATO requirement of 2 percent of GDP on defence this year. His government has announced an increase in the military budget by 64 percent between 2022 and 2028. Kristersson stated that Sweden was already fulfilling NATO’s requirement of spending 2 percent of its GDP on military expenditure. Sweden has likewise sent over a billion dollars’ worth of arms to Ukraine and hosted major military exercises.

Kristersson also noted that Sweden was “increasing its numbers of conscripts” and “reintroducing civilian service,” noting, “we have prepared for this task for quite a while.” New advertisements for the military have become a common site in major Swedish cities, like Stockholm and Gothenburg, over the past two years.

Amid ongoing recruitment crisis, Zelensky government prepares to mobilize Ukrainian convicts

Jason Melanovski


The Ukrainian government under Volodymyr Zelensky is preparing to draft convicts into the armed forces. A bill is expected to be registered in the Verkhovna Rada next week, and Ukrainian Justice Minister Denys Maliuska indicated that he expected the bill to be approved this spring.

Soldiers of Ukraine's 3rd Assault Brigade shout right-wing slogans at a military base close to Kiev, Ukraine, Monday, September 25, 2023. [AP Photo/Efrem Lukatsky]

The NATO-armed and -backed Ukrainian Armed Forces are currently struggling to maintain territory against advancing Russian forces in the Donbass region amid a severe manpower and ammunition shortage. Following Ukraine’s loss of the strategic city of Avdeevka on February 17, Russian forces have pushed three miles farther east.

As the Washington Post admitted in an article titled “Zelensky in bind over how to draft more troops as Russian troops advance,” the issue of mobilization “has fueled deep divisions in Ukraine’s parliament and more broadly in Ukrainian society.”

In August of last year, a military recruitment scandal made headlines when it was revealed that regional recruiting stations were accepting bribes of approximately $10,000 to evade military service, an unreachable amount for many in what is officially Europe’s poorest country. Such divisions, which are ultimately class-based, will be exacerbated by the continued deterioration of the situation at the front.

Confronting a severe shortage of men at the front throughout the past year, the Ukrainian military has resorted to kidnapping people off the streets, grabbing them at shopping malls and other public places and forcibly drafting them into the army. In his year-end address in December 2023, Zelensky announced a proposal to conscript another 500,000 Ukrainian soldiers at a cost of $13.3 billion in 2024 to replenish the massive losses at the front, which have been hidden from both the Ukrainian people and the international public.

A new draft mobilization bill was passed in February but was subsequently held up in parliament due to over 4,000 revisions and widespread opposition to aspects of the bill, including provisions that would block draft dodgers from buying real estate and revoke their passports to force their return to the country.

The measures to further expand the draft follow protests that erupted last fall against the often years-long deployment of men to the front. This marked the first outbreak of mass discontent over the war. Frequent protests have also been held in the capital city of Kiev, as well in smaller cities such as Ternopil, Odessa and Dnipro.

In a clear attempt to appease growing popular opposition to conscription, Zelensky signed a decree on Thursday authorizing the demobilization of a limited number of conscripts who were forced to remain in the armed forces following the outbreak of full-scale war in February 2022 and the imposition of martial law.

The decree is deceptive in that it applies only to conscripts between the ages of 18 and 27 who generally do not serve on the front lines, and it does not apply to the huge number of soldiers called up following the declaration of martial law and general mobilization in February 2022. The term of conscription in Ukraine ranges from 12 to 18 months, and the last conscription was held in October 2021. Ukrainian authorities declined to reveal how many conscripts would actually be demobilized as a result of the decree.

Speaking of the decree in his daily address, Zelensky stated that conscripts would begin to be sent home “in a few weeks,” starting in April. He ludicrously claimed that the demobilized soldiers would be eager to sign up for another deployment in the NATO-provoked war that has already killed untold hundreds of thousands of Ukrainian soldiers.

As BBC Ukraine reported in November, 650,000 Ukrainian men aged 18 to 60 years old have left Ukraine for Europe since the start of the war. Zelensky’s former adviser Alexey Arestovich recently claimed that 4.5 million Ukrainian men, nearly half of the Ukrainian male population, had fled abroad to avoid military service, and that 30 to 70 percent of military units consist of “refuseniks,” who have gone absent without official leave (AWOL).

Following the initial announcement of Zelensky’s plan to draft another half million men, Ukrainians across Europe were seen waiting in line at consular offices to renew their passports before a new mobilization law could take effect. In Valencia, Spain, 550 people reportedly waited in line for hours to renew their passports and ensure their legal status for the upcoming year.

Despite the obvious recruitment crisis, Zelensky continues to absurdly claim that just 31,000 Ukrainian soldiers have been killed so far in over two years of bloody fighting, while simultaneously claiming that just 300,000 of the 1 million soldiers have seen combat on the front lines. Even the pro-war Washington Post noted the wildly illogical line being propagated by the Zelensky government, writing that “no one in the Ukrainian military leadership or presidential office is able to explain the whereabouts of the 700,000 missing soldiers,” or “what they have dedicated themselves to.”

As David North, chairman of the WSWS International Editorial Board, noted on X/Twitter in response to the Washington Post article on the crisis:

It would appear that the government cannot account for the whereabouts of 700,000 mobilized soldiers. What has happened to them? Zelensky claims that only 31,000 Ukrainian soldiers have been killed. But the fact that the Ukrainian regime cannot explain what has happened to 700,000 out of 1 million soldiers strongly indicates that the number of military deaths is a substantial multiple of the official KIA figure claimed by Zelensky. NATO has bled Ukraine white.