24 Jan 2017

Nuffic Fellowships at the Hague Academy for Local Governance 2017/2018

Application Deadline: 7th March 2017.
Offered annually? Yes
To be taken at (country): The Netherlands
About the Award: The Netherlands organisation for international cooperation in higher education (EP-NUFFIC) offers fellowships to participate in training courses in The Netherlands. The aim is to promote capacity building within organisations in eligible countries via training and education for professionals. This is initiated and (almost) fully funded by the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs from the budget for development cooperation.
The Netherlands Fellowship Programme (NFP) for short courses offers scholarships for participants living and working in one of the following 50 countries.
The MENA Scholarship Programm(MSP) aims to contribute to the democratic transition in one of the 10 participating countries in the Middle East and North Africa region.
Type: Fellowship
Eligibility: In order to qualify for a NFP Scholarship, you need to meet the following selection criteria. You must:
  • be a national of, and working and living in one of the countries on the following
    NFP country list (in link below);
  • not be employed by an organisation that has its own means of staff-development, for example:
    • multinational corporations (e.g. Shell, Unilever, Microsoft),
    • large national and/or a large commercial organisations,
    • bilateral donor organisations (e.g. USAID, DFID, Danida, Sida, Dutch ministry of Foreign affairs, FinAid, AusAid, ADC, SwissAid),
    • multilateral donor organisations, (e.g. a UN organization, the World Bank, the IMF, Asian Development Bank, African Development Bank, IADB),
    • international NGO’s (e.g. Oxfam, Plan, Care);
  • must have an official passport that will still be valid for at least three months after completion of the training;
  • must not receive more than one fellowship for courses that take place at the same time;
  • English Language skills: The short courses are taught in English. Therefore, it is important that your English language skills (writing and speaking) are good.
  • Work experience: Minimum of 2 years of experience required, working with or for local or regional authorities. It is to your advantage if the work/experience is related to the content of the training.
  • To be eligible for a MSP Scholarship you must meet the selection criteria mentioned above. Furthermore you must:
  • be a national of, and working and living in one of the countries on the following
    MSP country list  valid at the time of application;
  • have an official passport that will still be valid at least three months after completion of the training;
  • not be over 45 years of age at the time of the grant submission.
Number of Awardees: Not specified
Value of Scholarship: The Nuffic Fellowship programmes covers cost of tuition fee, travel costs, accommodation and living expenses in The Netherlands.
How to Apply: To apply for a fellowship, You will have to answer the following 3 questions to support your application:
  • Question 1: What is the issue or problem you want to address in your country?
  • Question 2. How will this training course enable you to address this issue?
  • Question 3. How will you address this issue with your position within your organisation?
It is very important to go therough the Application Guidelines before applying.
Award Provider: The Hague, The Netherlands
Important Notes: You can only apply for one Fellowship per deadline.

Open Society Civil Society Scholar Awards 2017 for Doctoral Research Students and Faculties

Application Deadline: 31st March 2017
Offered annually? Yes
Eligible Countries: See Below
Type: Research, Grants
Eligibility: The awards are open to the following academic populations:
  • doctoral students of eligible fields studying at accredited universities inside or outside of their home country
  • full-time faculty members teaching at universities in their home country
Candidates must be citizens of the following countries: Afghanistan, Albania, Angola, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Cambodia, Democratic Republic of Congo, Republic of Congo, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Guinea, Haiti, Kosovo, Laos, Libya, Macedonia, Moldova, Mongolia, Myanmar/Burma, Nepal, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Serbia, Sudan, South Sudan, Syria, Swaziland, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, or Yemen.
Selection Criteria: Civil Society Scholars are selected on the basis of their outstanding contributions to research or other engagement with local communities, to furthering debates on challenging societal questions, and to strengthening critical scholarship and academic networks within their fields.
Requests for support for first-year tuition and fees only will be considered on the basis of a clearly demonstrated need from doctoral students who have gained admission to universities outside of their home country.
Selected grantees may be invited by CSSA to attend short-term trainings/summer school, and a participant conference during the grant period. Travel costs and accommodation for these events will be covered by CSSA.
Number of Awardees: Not specified
Value of Program: Maximum funding requests: $10,000 for doctoral students; $15,000 for faculty members.
The awards support short-term, international academic projects, such as: fieldwork (data collection); research visits to libraries, archives, or universities; course/curriculum development; and international research collaborations leading to peer-reviewed publication.
Duration of Program: 
  • Project duration: between two and nine months
  • Eligible dates: September 1, 2017–August 31, 2018
How to Apply: Detailed guidelines on the conditions of these awards are available in the Program Webpage link below.
  1. Online Applications: Applicants are strongly advised to submit their application online.
  2. Paper Applications: For those wishing to submit a paper application, an application form and budget/timeline template can be downloaded from the Download Files section.
Award Provider: Open Society Foundation

50 University of West London International Ambassador Scholarships 2017/2018

Application Deadline: 16th July 2017
Offered annually? Yes
Eligible Countries: International
To be taken at (country): UK
About the Award: International Ambassadors are active representatives for the University. They are expected to participate in current and future promotional activities and will be interviewed and photographed by our marketing department.
As outstanding students, ambassadors will also contribute from time to time in the promotion of the University of West London by supporting events organised for scholars and by the International Office.
Type: Undergraduate or Postgraduate
Eligibility: Students are eligible to apply for the scholarship if they have been offered a place to study on a full-time undergraduate or postgraduate course at the University of West London, commencing in September 2017.
Number of Awardees: 50
Value of Scholarship: The International Ambassador Scholarship provides a tuition waiver of £5,000 for the first year of study only.
How to Apply: You can apply for the International Ambassador Scholarships by completing a scholarship application form (doc, 158 kb).
Please save the above form to your computer before completing it. Once completed, save and email your completed application form to int.app@uwl.ac.uk.
If you are unable to save a completed version of the form, you may not have the required software. If this is the case, please print off the form, complete the application and scan and sent it to int.app@uwl.ac.uk.
Award Provider: University of West London

RUFORUM MasterCard Undergraduate & Masters Scholarships for African Students 2017/2018

Application Deadline: 15th March 2017
Offered annually? Yes
Eligible Countries: African countries
To be taken at (Universities): Gulu University and Egerton University.
Fields of Study: The RUFORUM Technical Committee (RTC) has identified the following priority programs for the academic year 2017/2018 as eligible for application and to be supported:
Gulu University
1. Bachelor of Science in Agri-Entrepreneurship and Communication
Management
2. Bachelor of Science in Food and Agribusiness
3. Master of Science in Food Security and Community Nutrition
4. Master of Science in Agri-Enterprises Development
Egerton University
1. Bachelor of Science in Agriculture
2. Bachelor of Science in Animal Science
3. Master of Science in Community Studies and Extension
4. Master of Science in Agri-Enterprise Development
About the Award: The Regional Universities Forum for Capacity Building in Agriculture (RUFORUM) in partnership with The MasterCard Foundation, Gulu University and Egerton University are implementing an eight year program aimed at transforming African agricultural universities and their graduates to better respond to developmental challenges through enhanced application of science, technology, business and innovation for rural agricultural transformation. This is eight year program (2016-2024) and will be supporting students that are economically disadvantaged, those from post-conflict and conflict affected areas of Africa.
Students who are economically disadvantaged, and students from post-conflict and conflict-affected areas of Africa, are welcome to apply for admission and financial support at Gulu University (Uganda) or Egerton University (Kenya). The announcements lists the available academic programs at each university.
Type: Undergraduate, Masters
Eligibility: 
  • This scholarship opportunity is open to African students of all race, colour, dissent and who in particular are economically disadvantaged and those coming from conflict and post-conflict areas of Africa.
  • The applicant has to be in position to qualify for admission into undergraduate and/or postgraduate programs at Gulu University and/or Egerton University as listed above.
  • Students already having a scholarship of any kind are not eligible to benefit this scholarship opportunity anyone with a double scholarship if found will automatically be discontinued.
Females are particularly encouraged to apply
Number of Awardees: Not specified
Value of Scholarship: Fully-funded
How to Apply: Applicants should obtain application forms for both the scholarships and admission from the university of choice. Applicants shall only apply to one university of choice. Application forms can also be downloaded from the Scholarship Webpage link below.
Award Provider: MasterCard Foundation, Egerton University, Gulu University

US National Intelligence Council Predicts Indo-Pakistan Nuclear War In 2028

Abdus Sattar Ghazali


The US National Intelligence Council has predicted a nuclear war between India and Pakistan in 2028. The prediction came in the Council report released recently under the title: Global Trends: Paradox of Progress.
Every four years since 1997, the National Intelligence Council has published an unclassified strategic assessment of how key trends and uncertainties might shape the world over the next 20 years to help senior US leaders think and plan for the longer term.
The report is timed to be especially relevant for the administration of a newly elected US President, but Global Trends increasingly has served to foster discussions about the future with people around the world, according to the Council.
About the South Asia, the report said India will be the world’s fastest growing economy during the next five years as China’s economy cools and growth elsewhere sputters, but internal tensions over inequality and religion will complicate its expansion. .….. “Pakistan will feel compelled to address India’s economic and conventional military capabilities through asymmetric means. Pakistan will seek to enhance its nuclear deterrent against India by expanding its nuclear arsenal and delivery means, including pursuing “battlefield nuclear weapons” and sea-based options.”
At-sea deployments of nuclear weapons by India, Pakistan, and perhaps China, would increasingly nuclearize the Indian Ocean during the next two decades, the report said adding: “The presence of multiple nuclear powers with uncertain doctrine for managing at sea incidents between nuclear-armed vessels increases the risk of miscalculation and inadvertent escalation. Nuclear mating requirements for naval-based delivery vehicles remove a safety valve that until now has kept nuclear weapons stored separately from missiles in South Asia.”
The report predicts three scenarios which “postulate alternative responses to near-term volatility at the national, regional and Communities levels.” The India-Pakistan nuclear clash is one of the three scenarios.
The report envisage a crisis between India and Pakistan that may result in a nuclear clash: “The Second Indus Waters Treaty was abandoned by both sides, followed shortly by a series of explosions in New Delhi that the Indian Government quickly attributed to Pakistan-based extremist groups. Islamabad denied involvement, but both sides began mobilizing their military forces. After a few confusing days of cyber attacks that disrupted the ability of both sides to understand what was happening, the situation escalated quickly. According to a subsequent investigation, artificial intelligence systems supporting the military decision makers made the crisis worse by misinterpreting signals meant to deter instead as signs of aggressive intent. The result was the first use of a nuclear weapon in a conflict since 1945.”
The report argues that “it took a mushroom cloud in a desert in South Asia (in 2028) to shake us from our complacency.”
However, Tom Engelhardt, a co-founder of the American Empire Project, does not agree with the National Intelligence Council scenario of nuclear bomb goes off not over a major city, killing hundreds of thousands, but in a desert area. He wrote:
“I, of course, don’t have thousands of experts to consult in thinking about the future, but based on scientific work already on the record, I could still create a very different South Asian scenario, which wouldn’t exactly be a formula for uniting the planet behind a better security future. Just imagine that one of the “tactical” nuclear weapons the Pakistani military is already evidently beginning to store at its forward military bases was put to use in response to an Indian military challenge. Imagine, then, that it triggered not world peace, but an ongoing nuclear exchange between the two powers, each with significant arsenals of such weaponry. The results in South Asia could be mindboggling — up to 21 million direct deaths by one estimate. Scientists speculate, however, that the effects of such a nuclear war would not be restricted to the region, but would spark a nuclear-winter scenario globally, destroying crops across the planet and possibly leading to up to a billion deaths.”
India and Pakistan have fought three wars since they became independent in 1947. There was a standoff between the two countries in 2002 after a terrorist attack on the Indian Parliament. The standoff resulted in the massing of troops on either side of the border and along the Line of Control (LoC) in the region of Kashmir. This was the second major military standoff between India and Pakistan following the successful detonation of nuclear devices by both countries in 1998. The other had been the Kargil War in 1999.
In September 2016, India and Pakistan edged closer to all-out war over an attack on an Indian military base that killed nearly 20 soldiers. “We will destroy India if it dares to impose war on us. Pakistan army is fully prepared to answer any misadventure of India,” Pakistan’s Minister of Defense Khawaja Asif told a local TV network. “We have not made atomic device to display in a showcase. If such a situation arises we will use it and eliminate India.”
Perhaps, South Asia or the Indian sub-continent remains among the most dangerous corners of the world. India and Pakistan share 1,800-mile border which is the only place in the world where two nuclear-armed hostile states face off every day.
The US National Intelligence Council report said it will be the combination of competing values among rival states, military build-ups, rising nationalism, and domestic insecurity that will create an era of increased geopolitical competition among the major powers.
“In the early 2020s, polarizing politics and fiscal burdens constrained US engagement on the world stage, prompting foreign assessments that the United States was moving toward a prolonged period of retrenchment. China and Russia, in particular, viewed this time as an opportunity to seek greater influence over neighboring countries within their respective regional economic, political and security orbits. Iran also attempted to take advantage of instability in the Middle East to expand its influence in the region,” the report said adding:
“By the mid-2020s, these developments led to the international system devolving toward contested regional spheres. The powers at the center of the spheres attempted to assert their right to privileged economic, political, and security influence within their regions. China increasingly used its economic and military power to influence the behavior of neighboring states and to force concessions from foreign business seeking access to its markets. India, Japan, and other states adopted more assertive independent foreign policies to counter Chinese encroachment on their interests, increasing regional tensions in East and South Asia. Russia also asserted itself more forcefully in Central Asia to keep that region under Moscow’s influence and to counter China’s growing presence.”
The US and Soviet proxy wars, especially in Vietnam and Afghanistan, were a harbinger of the post-Cold War conflicts and today’s fights in the Middle East, Africa, and South Asia in which less powerful adversaries deny victory through asymmetric strategies, ideology, and societal tensions, the US National Intelligence Council report concluded.

Why Ban Mobile Internet In Kashmir?

Gowhar Naz


Businesses and public sector services across Kashmir  were badly hit, & still as the ban on Internet services — especially prepaid 2G, 3G mobile internet service — remains suspended for the seventh month in a row. The ban is likely to be effective for some more time. As the authorities are in no mood to restore it. Education, banking, business, trading, travel, manufacturing and other services that depend on Internet connectivity bore are affected due to the ban. Only Postpaid mobile and broadband services have been working effectively. Gone are the days, when people in Kashmir would use prepaid mobile internet to check latest news, text, email and post minute to minute updates. The last time I accessed internet was on July 8, 2016. Since then, I was unable to use the service again. I almost missed my exams, & couldn’t apply for a job. I have no access to news and current affairs. Thanks to the lonely listener, Gul Kak (an avid listener of BBC), who told me about Donald Trump (Asli – Uniquely American) taking oath as 45th President of USA, & something like ‘Dambaile’ Jallikattu. Irony is, with lot to chew on, government keeps mum on the issue – reluctant. Rumour, the catalyst of public unrest, needs to be countered with facts and information, not bans and silence.
It is not a special occasion. It is not my birthday. It is not Valentine’s Day. I barely remember these occasions at the best of times. It is actually a dull, colorless, a non-internet day. Seventh month unplugged from the internet — re (discovering) how life used to be when everyone was offline. But nobody wants to live in the past. And I too don’t want to. I am badly missing the huge “hive mind”, called the internet, in which nearly every data about our past and present is stored. Living a month without the internet would not have been difficult for a person that was living 200 years earlier. But living six months (not a joke), without the internet is like hell for a person living today. Internet has become an indispensable part of our everyday life and since it became available to the vast majority of people on this part of the world as well, we spend a good time online. Facebook, WhatsApp and Twitter are the watercoolers of our times. Business and education are highly dependent on internet. On one side, India is going smart, digital, cashless, & transforming progressively. But on the other side, Kashmirs are barred, not allowed to access the internet, at least. To get or not to get benefited from the govt. services was a secondary thing.
In Kashmir, mobile and internet bans are a routine part of life. Every Independence Day, every Republic Day, every time there is the possibility of resistance, channels of communication are blocked. The cell phone towers themselves became a site of conflict in the recent past. Clamping down on communication has psychological costs beyond the immediate conflagration. Kashmiris have accepted that communication is just another one of the many freedoms that the state will take away from them. They are getting used to this new era of restrictions. Besides, bans won’t stop rumours. JK government needs to find other ways to curb the growth of misinformation. It needs to make space for these healing processes, instead of being afraid of smoke and mirrors.
Although, the internet is valuable as a means to an end, not as an end in itself. It is inseparable from freedom of expression and a ‘ basic human right’ to United Nations. Living disconnected from the internet in a society where everyone is online 24×7 is a tough ride, impossible. Internet ban isn’t good. It is a bad idea. It is unpleasant, and uncomfortable. Enough is enough. Govt. should reconsider the decision, lift the unjust ban and resume the service in the valley now. I mean now. Needless to say, I will be excited to be back.

Australia: Parmalat lockout in bid to slash conditions

Will Morrow

Around 65 workers have remained locked out at the Parmalat dairy processing facility at Echuca, in northern Victoria, for five days. When workers arrived on January 18, they were informed that the plant would be shut indefinitely.
The lockout is part of Parmalat’s efforts to impose major cuts to wages and working conditions. The company has been in backroom negotiations with the unions covering workers at the site, the Australian Manufacturing Workers Union (AMWU) and the Electrical Trades Union (ETU), over the terms of a new workplace agreement since last August.
In November, Parmalat applied to the Fair Work Commission, the federal government’s industrial relations tribunal, to tear up the existing agreement. That would mean workers would then be covered by an industry-wide award. This reportedly would cut workers’ wages by up to 50 percent while lengthening the working week from 35 to 38 hours, and gutting redundancy provisions by reducing the maximum payout to 16 weeks’ worth of pay.
The company had been notified by the AMWU on January 12 of a token four-hour strike from 3:00 a.m. on January 18.
The unions are now doing everything they can to reach a sellout deal with the company. The union kept workers at the plant isolated, many of whom remain camped outside the facility, by refusing to organise any broader industrial action against the lockout.
The unions’ only concern is to maintain their privileged position at the negotiating table to bargain away the conditions and wages of the workers they falsely claim to represent. They have denounced the company’s unilateral action, calling on the management to instead utilise the unions’ services to impose its attacks.
AMWU national food secretary Tom Hale attacked Parmalat’s “heavy-handed” response, “when they could just be getting back to the table.” The AMWU’s web site encourages readers to send a pre-written letter of protest to the company, pleading with it to “please come back to the table and offer a fair deal with the employees.”
There are signs that the company and union are close to a deal that delivers Parmalat’s major demands. The company announced last Friday it had held a “productive” meeting that day with the unions. A spokesman said: “By close of business on Monday, January 23, it is anticipated that Parmalat and the unions will propose new wording for clauses within the new enterprise agreement.” Neither the company nor the unions has reported on the nature of the clauses being negotiated. Further backroom meetings have been organised.
Parmalat had imposed another lockout on 50 workers at its Longwarry plant in the Gippsland region of Victoria last July, in response to limited industrial action by workers, including refusal to work overtime, complete paperwork and load or unload trucks. There, as at Echuca, the union covering workers at the site, the National Union of Workers, refused to appeal for any action at Parmalat’s other plants or by other sections of the working class.
Parmalat produces major dairy brands such as Paul’s Milk, Vaalia yoghurt, Oak and Breaka flavoured milks; it employs about 2,500 workers at multiple sites in Victoria and around Australia. It is one of the largest global dairy producers. The French giant Lactalis, which employs some 36,000 people in more than 18 countries around the world, purchased a majority share of Parmalat in 2011. At the start of this year, Lactalis launched a voluntary tender to gain total control of the company.
Parmalat’s latest lockout is part of a sweeping corporate and government onslaught against manufacturing workers nationally, under conditions of a deepening crisis in the Australian and world economy. Entire regions of Australia are in recession, and the economy officially shrank by 0.5 percent during the September quarter of 2016, the last quarter for which statistics are available.
This assault is being coordinated with federal and state governments, both Liberal-National and Labor, and assisted by the trade unions. Parmalat’s bid to scrap the existing workplace agreement follows a pattern set by the energy provider AGL, which operates the Loy Yang A power station in Victoria’s Latrobe Valley. This month, FWC approved AGL’s request to revoke its existing agreement, clearing the way for the company to slash wages by between 30 and 65 percent.
The FWC has since intervened again on the side of AGL against the Loy Yang workers, by ruling it illegal for workers to engage in industrial action such as coordinated sick days and refusing to work overtime. The Victorian state Labor government of Daniel Andrews had also threatened to intervene against the workers if they took industrial action.
AGL’s wage-cutting followed the announcement by Engie, the French multinational, that it plans to close the Hazelwood mine in the Latrobe Valley in March this year. The nearby Australia Paper manufacturing plant, which employs 1,250 people, is working with the trade unions to impose a wage cut of 5 percent, and 11.5 percent for new hires.
These attacks came as Ford ended car production in Australia, with General Motors and Toyota due to close their plants this year. The shutdown of auto production threatens to destroy up to 150,000 jobs, directly and indirectly.
There is also a crisis in the Australian and global dairy industry. World dairy prices dropped by about half between 2013 and 2016 due to oversupply, according to the United Nations Dairy Price Index.
The major dairy conglomerates are placing the burden of the price fall on farmers. The New Zealand-based company Fonterra, which accounts for 40 percent of all dairy trade globally, cut the price it pays to Australian farmers from $5.60 per kilogram of milk solids to $4.75 last June. Two months earlier, Murray Goulburn reduced the price it paid to its 2,500 farm suppliers from $6 to less than $5 per kilogram. For many farmers, the prices are now below the cost of production, sending them into ruin.
This cost-cutting has boosted profits for companies like Parmalat. In the year to December 31, 2015, Parmalat’s sales revenue rose by 8 percent to $1.65 billion, with a 3.7 percent increase in profits to $35.3 million, from its Australian operations alone.
However, investors are driving mergers and acquisitions, accelerating corporate demands for restructuring that targets workers’ wages and conditions. An Australian Associated Press report last June noted: “While there have been 876 deals in the global dairy industry since 2010, worth a total of $US57.3 billion … the sector is still highly fragmented—leaving room for further consolidation.”

US student loan corporation faces lawsuit for cheating millions

Seb Gomez

Navient, the largest servicer of student loans in the United States, has recently been targeted by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) and the state attorneys general of Washington and Illinois for misleading borrowers and other illegal practices that increased the loan repayment costs for millions.
Navient oversees some $300 billion in student loans for more than 12 million borrowers, 6 million of which are under contract with the Department of Education. In total the Delaware-based corporation, which was formed out of Sallie Mae in 2014, accounts for nearly one fourth of all student loan borrowers. The lawsuit alleges that every account may have been affected by the malpractice.
Navient is charged with misleading borrowers away from cheaper income-based payment plans in order to inflate loans with higher interest rates. Borrowers are legally allowed to change payment plans as they please. However, Navient is accused of advising its customer service employees to press customers away from the income-based plans and into forbearance, a short-term postponement of payment normally appropriate for those with temporary financial difficulty.
Those placed into forbearance without proper knowledge of the terms face significantly higher costs, which generally increase the longer the payments are postponed. Such costs include the accumulation of unpaid monthly interest and the addition of unpaid interest to the principal balance of the loan, resulting in a recalculation of the loan based on the compounded interest.
The court filing concluded that from 2010 to 2015, Navient enrolled 1.5 million borrowers in two or more consecutive forbearances, more than 470,000 in three consecutive forbearances, and 520,000 in four or more. In total this amounted to nearly $4 billion in extra interest revenue for the company over those 5 years.
The lawsuit points out that Navient customer service employees had been incentivized to mislead customers. The longer the call, the less these workers are paid. The process to transition a customer into an income-based payment plan requires multiple and lengthy conversations as well as an online or paper application with income tax documentation.
By contrast, forbearance enrollment can be completed with one phone call and without any paperwork. These findings reveal that the company’s practices had effectively ensured that the employees tasked with helping customers would be financially burdened to actually do so.
Navient also neglected to inform those able to enroll in income-based plans that their enrollment required recertification after a 12-month period. The lawsuit notes that failure to recertify in a timely manner typically increases monthly payments by hundreds to even thousands of dollars and delays the progress toward loan forgiveness.
In addition to Navient’s cost-cutting and selective presentation of information to student loan holders, the company is charged with careless overview of the accounts of injured military veterans. Permanently injured veterans are eligible to have their federal student loans discharged. However, on numerous accounts, Navient improperly marked the forgiven loans as defaults, ruining veterans’ credit scores.
Navient and its predecessor, Sallie Mae, have a history of government lawsuits and investigations spanning nearly two decades.
In 2014, Navient was fined $60 million by the Justice Department and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) for illegally overcharging military customers. That lawsuit found that the company had intentionally ignored the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act, which caps loan interest rates at 6 percent for active military personnel. In 2008, Sallie Mae struck a settlement with the state of New York for $2 million for conflict of interest practices. The company was found to have been paying for the entertainment and travel expenses of school officials it was doing business with.
The recent filing by the CFPB came just two days before the inauguration of now President Donald Trump. The New York Times reported that immediately following the November election, Navient’s stock value rose to nearly $18 from around $13, reflecting speculation among shareholders that the incoming administration would move to further deregulate finance— including the potential dismemberment of the CFPB.
The CFPB was established by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010. Since its inception, Republican politicians have unanimously opposed the largely harmless organization, but now with Republican control of the House, Senate and White House, even such nominal reforms can be expected to be pulled back in the near future.
Currently, total student debt towers at more than $1.4 trillion, surpassing both credit card and auto loan debt. A report released earlier this month by the CFPB also found that the number of Americans aged 60 and over still paying for student debt has quadrupled since 2005, increasing from 700,000 to 2.8 million seniors.

Rescue attempts abandoned for seven buried Peruvian miners

Cesar Uco

Attempts to rescue seven Peruvian miners buried under an avalanche of mud and stones have been largely abandoned one week after the disaster that trapped the men in a tunnel hundreds of feet underground.
Rescue workers and firefighters from Peru’s southern city Arequipa were withdrawn five days after the disaster. Local residents accompanied by four specialists and firefighters from the nearby town of Nazca continued a desperate attempt to reach the trapped miners, but were forced to suspend their efforts on Sunday following another small avalanche that placed their own lives in danger.
Summer—January to March—is the rainy season in Peru’s Andean mountain chain, when thousands of avalanches and landslides take place. Nonetheless, every summer, tens of thousands of peasant-miners, most of them Quechua speakers, risk their lives, in an attempt to secure a little more money to feed their families by entering dangerous abandoned and informal mines.
This year has been particularly rainy, with avalanches and landslides forcing the temporary closure of main roads in the country’s south.
The tragedy at the Las Gemelas mine occurred on the afternoon of Monday, January 16. Heavy rains unleashed a flood that covered the entrance and exit of Las Gemelas, which is located in a remote area far from the valleys that cut through the Andes in the district of Acarí, in the Arequipa region. Initially, there were 15 miners in the mine, but eight managed to get out before the barrage covered its entrance and exit.
Immediate aid came from 11 miners from Orcopampa, who arrived to help in the rescue.
The regional manager of Energy and Mines stationed in Arequipa, Vladimir Bustinza, reported that it was not until the early hours of Wednesday that rescue brigades were notified. “It is a well that goes down four galleries, which are 250 meters deep and we have seven trapped miners with very little life expectancy,” he said. It is estimated that the miners are located between 80 and 100 meters down.
Bustinza added, “The company had failed to pass the necessary regulations to become a formal mine. Chinchilico Perú SAC is a company that is dedicated to the extraction of gold.”
The informal mine is located two hours by road from the city of Nazca in the department of Ica, and seven hours from Arequipa, Peru’s second largest city and the commercial center of the south.
RPP Noticias reported, “A rescue team formed by firefighters from the Arequipa Company left this afternoon [Wednesday] with 20 rescuers to Acari in an Army Aviation helicopter, which was carrying the submersible pump provided by Sedapar required to save the miners.”
Due to heavy rains and rough terrain, the helicopter could not land. The head of the Seventh Command of the Arequipa Fire Company, Commander Jorge Martínez, told RPP Noticias that “the team will travel a trail about two hours to reach the mine.” He added that the mine was a 200-meter-deep tunnel, with mud covering about 50 meters.”
The rescue work was delayed by a defect in a generator, which forced rescuers to wait for the arrival of other equipment.
Mothers and wives of the trapped miners also gathered at the site, expressing their determination to stay until the miners were brought out.
On Thursday, the body of one of the miners, Eduardo Urquia Tonama (32), was recovered.
According to RPP Noticias, “The miners’ relatives told the National Police that those who have been trapped are Antony Lovón Mercado (19), Eduardo Laura Chiclla (27), Luis Alberto Huaraca Nuñez (30), Gilber Llantoy Ayala (23), Hussein Yelssen Flores Paico (22), Alberto Huamán Jiménez (52) and Eduardo Urquia Tuanama (30).”
There are thousands of such informal mines in Peru, with miners risking their lives working for third parties in abandoned mines under highly dangerous conditions
In November of last year, six miners died after inhaling toxic gases in an abandoned mine located in the Mazocruz sector of Santiago de Chocorvo in the central province of Huaytará, where several informal mines operate.
Neighbors could not help out of fear of toxic gases. One survivor stated that there were strong toxic odors when they decided to enter the mine.
In April 2012, nine miners were rescued in time. They were employed as informal workers—meaning off the books—in the Cabeza de Negro mine in the department of Ica. They were trapped underground for six days, surviving by means of a tube that brought in oxygen and food.
The owner of the Las Gemelas mine is Buenaventura, whose general manager is Roque Benavides, a multimillionaire who is a partner of foreign capital in large mining projects.
In many cases, miners, desperate for work, refuse to divulge to authorities the names of the individuals who hired them.
There are also a large number of informal miners who work on their own account, seeking out abandoned mines to see if there is anything left to dig out. As these small illegal operations are located in remote areas, they are rarely inspected.
The major mining companies bear responsibility for the dozens of deaths that take place in these abandoned mines each year. They are responsible for closing mines that they have stopped exploiting and ensuring that others cannot get into them. As such precautions are viewed as a drain on profits, they fail to take them, with fatal consequences.

Cold weather kills hundreds in Eastern Europe and the Balkans

Markus Salzmann

In the past few weeks icy temperatures and massive snowfall have caused hundreds of deaths in Eastern Europe, the Balkans, and Greece. Official figures record 33 deaths from cold in Europe just last weekend.
In Poland, more than 50 people have died as temperatures have fallen at times to minus 25 degrees. Twenty of the victims died of carbon monoxide poisoning due to inhaling fumes from burning wood in enclosed rooms.
In Slovakia, Pravda.sk reported that two people, presumed homeless, were discovered dead in the cities of Nitra and Bratislava. In one village a pensioner was found frozen last Friday in front of his doorstep. In the northern Slovakian district of Namestovo, a 54-year-old died on the way home from work.
In Latvia, 19 people have died due to the cold temperatures since the start of the year. According to the state forensic medical institute, 60 deaths have been registered since September 2016.
According to official data, likely an underestimate, over a dozen deaths have been recorded in Bulgaria since the beginning of the year. Snow storms have cut off about 650 villages from electricity.
In Romania, more than 130 roads had to be closed due to snow storms in past weeks. Hospitals were evacuated and public transport collapsed. Moldova closed its border with Ukraine because of massive snow, while more than a meter of snow fell in northern Albania. Many villages were cut off from the outside world in these regions. There are as yet no reliable figures on casualties.
In Hungary, at least 80 people have frozen to death this winter—twice as many as last year—not counting deaths taking place in the last several days, when temperatures fell to negative 20 degrees. Of the dead, about 30 people froze to death in unheated homes, according to data from the Hungarian Social Forum.
Hungary’s large Roma population is especially impacted. The Washington Post reported that large number of Roma boys skip school in order to chop firewood or forage for sticks for wood stoves.
Deaths due to the cold have also been recorded in Ukraine and Belarus.
In a month-long period in the winter of 2011-2012, extreme cold killed about 600 Europeans. If the current cold wave persists for a similar length of time, the number of deaths could be much higher.
The situation in the refugee camps along the so-called Balkan route and in Greece is particularly dire.
On Friday the UN children’s fund Unicef warned that more than 23,000 child refugees and migrants could risk respiratory infections, “even death from hypothermia,” due to sub-freezing temperatures across Europe.
An estimated 23,700 migrant and refugee children, including infants and newborns, remain stranded in Greece and the Balkans, where temperatures have plunged below minus 20 degrees.
A television report last week showed dozens of lightly clad refugees on the island of Lesbos lining up for the only meal they were to receive that day. Even more deplorable were the scenes inside the flimsy tents where the refugees and their families live. The inhabitants burn wood and refuse inside the tents in order to keep warm.
“Infants and the very young generally have less body fat to insulate them against the cold, making them more susceptible to respiratory problems and potentially fatal viral and bacterial infections such as pneumonia and influenza,” declared Basil Rodriques, Unicef Regional Health Advisor for Central and Eastern Europe. In response to reports of migrant tents buried in snow, the EU’s migration chief, Dimitris Avramopoulos, told reporters “last week’s images must not be seen again.”
The deplorable conditions in the refugee camps is an indictment of the policy of the pseudo-left Syriza government in Athens, which, along with all other European, prioritizes deterring and deporting refugees over providing humanitarian relief.
In Serbia, about 2,000 refugees live on the street or in storage halls. One of these “accommodations” is located in a row of warehouses behind the central bus station in the Serbian capital, Belgrade. Men, women and children live there without heating and sanitation. In order not to freeze, they light open fires, leading to smoke poisoning and severe respiratory diseases.
The only help comes from private, non-profit organizations that provide blankets and warm food.
“The government has failed here,” declared Petar Bogovic of the private aid organization Refugee Aid Serbia. “European policy, the icy temperatures and the lack of preparation for the winter have exacerbated an unbearable situation for thousands of men, women and children.”

UK government crisis erupts over Trident nuclear missile failure

Paul Mitchell 

The Conservative government’s attempt to cover up the potentially catastrophic failure of a Trident ballistic missile has blown up in its face.
The disarmed nuclear missile was launched off the United States coast last June, just one month before the British parliament voted 472-117 to renew the £40 billion Trident nuclear submarine missile system. Knowledge of it would have torpedoed the justifications given by an overwhelming number of Labour MPs for their support for its renewal.
The revelations are an acute embarrassment to Prime Minister Theresa May, in the week that she seeks to benefit from being the first foreign leader to meet US President Donald Trump in Washington, DC on Friday. May has threatened the European Union states with a “hard Brexit,” citing Britain’s military prowess as a nuclear power while warning of trade war measures unless they agree to favourable terms.
According to the Sunday Times, the Conservative government imposed a news blackout after the missile was fired from the newly refurbished nuclear submarine HMS Vengeance from its position off the Florida coast. Instead of heading as planned eastwards out into the Atlantic Ocean, the missile’s positioning systems malfunctioned and it went in the opposite direction over the US mainland.
A Royal Navy source told the Sunday Times that “something went wrong. ... There was severe panic that this test launch was not successful. Senior figures in military and government were keen that the information was not made public.”
“Ultimately, Downing Street decided to cover up the failed test,” the source continued. “If the information was made public, they knew how damaging it would be to the credibility of our nuclear deterrent. The upcoming Trident vote made it all the more sensitive.”
Following the publication of the Sunday Times report, the prime minister repeatedly refused to say how much she knew about the failure, insisting she had “absolute confidence” in the UK’s nuclear missile system.
By Monday morning Julian Lewis, the Conservative MP who chairs the House of Commons Defence Committee, the parliamentary body that is supposed to exert democratic oversight over the defence establishment, was wheeled out to blame former Prime Minister David Cameron for the cover-up.
Lewis declared, “In fairness to the present prime minister one has to accept that she has been dealt a rotten hand because this matter, the decision to cover it up, if there was such a decision, as appears to be the case, was taken in the dying days of the Cameron administrations when spin doctors were the rule in Number 10 Downing Street.” Cameron’s PR team denied any involvement in the cover-up.
By Monday lunchtime, a Number 10 spokesperson was forced to admit that May had been briefed on a number of nuclear issues, including the Trident malfunction, when she took office.
Soon after, a US Defense Department official confirmed to CNN Monday afternoon that the missile had to be diverted into the ocean and its self-destruct programme activated.
This confirmation visibly deflated UK Defence Secretary Michael Fallon, who was in the midst of a belligerent stone-walling operation in a hastily called and thinly attended session of the House of Commons in which he repeatedly declared that he would not answer any questions about the “details of submarine operations.”
Fallon stated that “earlier governments in different situations, in more benevolent times, might have taken a different decision about how much information they would be prepared to reveal about these particular ‘demonstrate and shakedown’ operations [before submarines are returned to service] but these are not benevolent times and we have taken the decision not to release any information about the testing involved in the successful return of HMS Vengeance to its operational cycle.”
To every question about who knew what and when, Fallon gave the same answer. The capability and effectiveness of Britain’s nuclear deterrent must not be questioned.
The Trident malfunction has thoroughly exposed the Labour Party and the culpability of its leader Jeremy Corbyn, who retreated from his anti-Trident stance prior to the vote on renewal.
In the name of “party unity” he refused to challenge Labour policy on Trident at the party’s National Conference, allowed a free vote on British military action in Syria that resulted in bombing raids and opposed war crimes charges against former Labour Prime Minister Tony Blair and his accomplices.
Corbyn was only able to muster 47 Labour MPs in opposition to Trident’s renewal, while the majority—140—voted alongside the Conservatives in defence of Britain’s “nuclear deterrent.”
Deputy Leader Tom Watson was gung-ho in his support for Trident renewal as a means of strengthening the NATO build-up against Russia. The nominal Corbyn supporters Shadow Foreign Secretary Emily Thornberry and then Defence Secretary Clive Lewis abstained, claiming the vote was merely a cynical political manoeuvre by the Tories to split the Labour Party.
Ultimately the vote confirmed that a single party of war exists in Britain that works together and cuts across all nominal party lines.
In response to the Trident malfunction revelations, Corbyn blandly said Labour wanted “a serious discussion,” adding, “It’s a pretty catastrophic error when a missile goes in the wrong direction.” Shadow Chancellor John McDonnell was equally anodyne, stating that it was “extremely worrying” that Parliament had not been informed.
To underscore their political cowardice, neither Corbyn nor McDonnell was present in the Commons when Fallon spoke. It was left to Labour MP Kevan Jones, who resigned as Shadow Armed Forces Minister as part of the coup the Blairites mounted against Corbyn, and Shadow Defence Minister Nia Griffiths, appointed by Corbyn despite her commitment to Trident, to question Fallon.
Griffiths complained, “I am sorry it’s taken allegations in a Sunday paper to bring these questions to Parliament. Let us be clear we are not asking the Secretary of State to disclose anything sensitive. All we want is clarity and transparency. Because the Prime Minister refused four times to say when she became aware. …We need to hear these facts from the Prime Minister and not have them sprawled across a Sunday newspaper.” Again Fallon refused to answer.
Even the faint whiff of outrage emanating from the Labour benches is a fraud. Labour cannot pretend to have been misled about the threat posed by Trident, whether or not it malfunctioned.
During the July debate on renewal, May made the unprecedented and ominous declaration that she was quite prepared to press the button authorising a nuclear strike killing 100,000 innocent men, women and children. Labour made no denunciation of this threat, when it was directed at Russia or China. Instead Corbyn was heckled by his own MPs when he spoke against renewal.
Nor were concerns vocalised in 2015 when William McNeilly, a former Royal Navy nuclear submariner-turned-whistleblower, warned that Trident was “a disaster waiting to happen.”
He posted a dossier on-line criticising “military deceivers” and naval “spin doctors” for ignoring the 30 defects he had identified on the weapons system. His warning that “It’s only a matter of time before worse information comes out, and everything is proven to be true” has come to fruition.
Despite Labour’s supine performance, the cover-up over Trident may yet do serious damage to May’s government under conditions of escalating divisions over Britain’s post-Brexit foreign and economic policy.
In addition, the issue also comes to prominence as the government announced on Monday plans following Brexit to overturn EU state-aid rules in order to support and deregulate the nuclear industry and four other key sectors.
Corbyn has abandoned his longstanding support for decommissioning Britain’s civil nuclear power industry as a crucial by-election at Sellafield looms, declaring that it could remain “for a long time.”

Northern Ireland general election called as Stormont collapses amid Brexit crisis

Steve James

A general election has been called for the devolved Northern Ireland Assembly on March 2.
The poll, less than one year after the previous election, will be held under conditions of a deep political crisis. In jeopardy are all the power-sharing arrangements established in Northern Ireland under the 1998 Good Friday Agreement aimed at ending the conflict between the pro-British Protestant Unionist and Irish Catholic Republican forces.
The election date was announced by James Brokenshire, the British government’s Northern Ireland secretary, following the resignation earlier this month of Sinn Fein’s Martin McGuinness, Northern Ireland’s deputy first minister.
McGuinness is struggling with a serious heart and nerve condition and has subsequently announced he will not be standing again for office. But his resignation had the political aim of bringing down his rival and partner in power, First Minister Arlene Foster of the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP). Sinn Fein, after ten years of sharing office with the DUP, has seized upon the scandal surrounding the Renewable Heat Initiative (RHI), or “cash for ash,” in which Foster herself is deeply implicated, to strengthen its position north and south of the border. It is at the same time combining calls for Irish unity with opposition to last year’s UK vote to leave the European Union (EU).
RHI, a British government scheme to promote bio-mass fuel sources, evolved into a decades-long hand-out to farms and businesses. Current estimates are that the scheme will cost the British government £660 million and Stormont £490 million. Former Minister for Enterprise Trade and Investment Jonathan Bell told Stormont last week that special advisers to the first minister and the party’s director of communication “had such extensive interests in the poultry industry that it [RHI] was not allowed to be on my [Bell’s] ministerial agenda.” Bell is suspended from the DUP and supports a public inquiry into the scheme, whose costs he was trying to restrict.
However, much more is at stake than easy money for chicken farmers. The RHI scandal has become the focus of political shifts rooted in the unravelling of the European Union (EU), which is a grave threat to Irish capital, North and South.
Northern Ireland voted to remain in the EU by a majority of 56 to 44 percent. The region’s economy is tied closely to the UK, but also the Irish Republic and the EU. Of export sales in 2014, for example, £12.7 billion arrived in the UK, but £3.6 billion went to the Republic, £2.1 to the rest of the EU and £4 billion to the rest of the world.
While the UK is the largest market, access to the EU, including the Republic with which the North is increasingly integrated, is vital. EU subsidies to the value of £3.5 billion over the last seven years have been handed over, while another £3.5 billion is planned for the period between 2014 and 2020. Most of this goes to farmers, but numerous cross-border projects to facilitate investment, such as train refurbishments, have also benefited.
In the immediate aftermath of the June 23 Brexit vote, Irish Taoiseach Enda Kenny raised the possibility of unification “if there is clear evidence of a majority of people wishing to leave the United Kingdom and join the Republic, that that should be catered for in the discussions that take place.” Kenny went on to compare Northern Ireland’s situation to the unification of Germany, noting that the former East Germany was immediately absorbed into the EU.
Subsequently, demands were raised from all sides for some form of special status for the North to ensure free movement of trade and people over the currently unenforced border with the Republic. In December, the Dublin government hosted a conference attended by all the Northern parties except the DUP and the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP) to support calls for special status.
The hard-line unionists of the DUP campaigned to leave the EU. Writing in the Irish Times, journalist Fintan O’Toole complained that the DUP paid for a glossy supplement to the Metro free newspaper, handed out to London commuters just before the June 23 referendum. O’Toole reckoned the supplement would be the most expensive piece of election propaganda ever purchased by an Irish party. The Metro does not publish in Northern Ireland. The DUP, moreover, currently has eight MPs at Westminster. With the Conservative government’s majority down to 14 seats and some Tories likely to vote against aspects of the Brexit process, the votes of DUP MPs might become crucial. The DUP, therefore, has significant leverage with the government of Theresa May. For her part, Arlene Foster has promised that the upcoming election will be “brutal.”
In forcing an election, Sinn Fein are hoping to take advantage of the DUP’s support for Brexit, its exposure over RHI and broad popular hostility to all Northern Ireland’s political institutions, to shift the balance of power. On this basis, and by warning of the dangers of a post Brexit “hard border,” Sinn Fein, the only major all-Ireland party, are hoping to further advance the case for Irish unification.
Tensions have been greatly intensified by May’s January 17 speech confirming that the British government will pursue a “hard” Brexit involving departure from the European Single Market and customs union. Although May’s speech referred to upholding the Common Travel Area, in operation between Britain and Ireland since Irish independence and partition, she made no reference to any special status for Northern Ireland by which single market membership could be retained.
The economically liberal Alliance Party described May’s speech as “catastrophic for Northern Ireland.” Deputy leader Stephen Farry said, “Any departure from the customs union and the single market will necessitate a formal border either across the island of Ireland or down the Irish Sea. ... Barriers will be erected in terms of either the east-west or north-south relationships which are recognised and empowered under the Good Friday Agreement.”
Sinn Fein leader Gerry Adams went further. “Taking the North out of the EU will destroy the Good Friday Agreement,” he said, describing the British government position as a “hostile action.”
Adams cited the British government’s decision to remove Britain from the European Convention on Human Rights as undermining “fundamental elements of the Good Friday Agreement.” He pointed out that “citizens in the North, under the agreement, have a right to Irish citizenship, and therefore EU citizenship.” He demanded that the Irish minority government should “be relentless in a diplomatic offensive” to avoid a hard border. The Irish government is currently expanding its diplomatic missions across the capitals of Europe, seeking support for the Irish position.
The situation is further complicated by the coming to power of the Trump administration in the US. Relations between Europe and America have soured over tax breaks offered by the Irish government to US companies exporting to Europe and seeking to exploit Ireland’s uniquely lax tax laws. The EU has demanded the Irish government collect some €13 billion in back taxes from Apple Inc. In response, the Irish government has forged an alliance with Apple against the EU rulings.
President Donald Trump is said to be likely to favour vast new tax breaks to Apple to encourage the tech giant to repatriate some of its profits to the US, underscoring the position of Ireland, North and South, as a plaything of the major powers.